万字追问：预测大脑、脑机接口和人类智能的未来
鏂� | 杩介棶nextquestion
棰勬祴缂栫爜鐞嗚�浣滀负涓€绉嶈В閲婂ぇ鑴戜俊鎭��鐞嗙殑鐞嗚�妗嗘灦锛岃繎骞存潵鍦ㄧ�缁忕�瀛︺€佽�鐭ョ�瀛︿笌浜哄伐鏅鸿兘棰嗗煙寮曡捣浜嗗箍娉涘叧娉ㄣ€傛媺鏉颁粈路鎷夊ゥ锛圧ajesh Rao锛夛紝鐜颁换鍗庣洓椤垮ぇ瀛﹁�绠楁満绉戝�涓庡伐绋嬬郴鏁欐巿鍙婄�缁忔妧鏈�腑蹇冭仈鍚堜富浠伙紝鏃╁湪25骞村墠渚垮墠鐬绘€у湴杩愮敤棰勬祴缂栫爜鐞嗚�瑙ｉ噴瑙嗚�绯荤粺鐨勮繍浣滄満鍒躲€�
鍦ㄦ湰鏈熸挱瀹�腑锛屾媺濂ュ垎浜�簡浠栧�棰勬祴缂栫爜鍜岃剳鏈烘帴鍙ｉ�鍩熺殑鏈€鏂扮爺绌舵垚鏋滀笌瑙佽В锛屽苟鎺㈣�浜嗕粬瀵瑰ぇ璇�█妯″瀷銆佸ぇ鑴戠爺绌剁殑鏈�潵鏂瑰悜绛夊�涓��鍩熺殑鎬濊€冿紝姝ゅ�锛屼粬杩樿�璁轰簡瀵圭牬璇戝彜鍗板害鏂囧瓧鐨勫叴瓒ｄ互鍙婄浉鍏崇殑宸ヤ綔銆備互涓嬪唴瀹规暣鐞嗚嚜鎷夊ゥ涓庝繚缃椔风背寰峰皵甯冮瞾鍏嬫柉锛圥aul Middlebrooks锛�2024骞�12鏈堝湪鈥滃ぇ鑴戠伒鎰熲€濓紙Brain Inspired锛夌殑瀵硅皥銆�
淇濈綏路绫冲痉甯冮瞾鍏嬫柉
Paul Middlebrooks
鍗″唴鍩烘�闅嗗ぇ瀛﹀姪鐞嗙爺绌跺憳锛�
鎾��鈥淏rain Inspired鈥濅富鐞嗕汉
浠栧湪鍖瑰吂鍫″ぇ瀛﹂┈鍏嬄风储榛樺疄楠屽�鑾峰緱璁ょ煡绁炵粡绉戝�鍗氬＋瀛︿綅銆傞殢鍚庡湪鑼冨痉鍫″ぇ瀛�effrey Schall, Geoff Woodman, and Gordon Logan瀹為獙瀹や粠浜嬪崥澹�悗鐮旂┒锛岀爺绌惰繍鍔ㄧ毊灞傚拰鍩哄簳绁炵粡鑺傜�缁忕兢娲诲姩濡備綍褰卞搷鑷�敱琛屼负灏忛紶鐨勮嚜鐒惰�涓恒€�
鎷夋澃浠€路鎷夊ゥ
Rajesh Rao
鍗庣洓椤垮ぇ瀛﹁�绠楁満绉戝�涓庡伐绋嬬郴鏁欐巿鍙婄�缁忔妧鏈�腑蹇冭仈鍚堜富浠�
浠栦笌Dana Ballard鍏卞悓鎻愬嚭浜� 1999 骞寸殑鑴戝姛鑳介�娴嬬紪鐮佹ā鍨嬨€備粬鍦ㄦ劅鐭ュ拰鍐崇瓥鐨勮礉鍙舵柉妯″瀷鏂归潰鍋氬嚭浜嗚础鐚�€傚湪鑴戞満鎺ュ彛棰嗗煙锛屼粬浜� 2007 骞撮�娆″睍绀轰簡鐩存帴閫氳繃澶ц剳鎺у埗浜哄舰鏈哄櫒浜虹殑鎶€鏈�€備粬鐨勭爺绌跺叴瓒ｆ兜鐩栬�绠楃�缁忕�瀛︺€佽剳鏈烘帴鍙ｅ拰浜哄伐鏅鸿兘浠ュ強鍗板害娌虫枃瀛楀拰鍗板害鍙ゅ吀缁樼敾銆� 浠栬幏寰楃殑濂栭」鍖呮嫭鍙ゆ牴娴峰�濂栧�閲戙€両EEE 鐮旂┒鍛樺�銆佸瘜甯冭禆鐗瑰�鑰呭�銆丯SF CAREER 濂栥€丱NR 闈掑勾鐮旂┒鍛樺�銆佹柉闅嗙�鐞嗗�闄㈡暀鍛樺�瀛﹂噾浠ュ強 David and Lucile Packard 濂栧�閲戙€傝憲鏈塀rain-Computer Interfacing锛屽悎钁楁湁Probabilistic Models of the Brain锛孊ayesian Brain銆�
01 棰勬祴缂栫爜鐨勮捣婧�
淇濈綏锛氶�娴嬬紪鐮佺殑鐞嗚�婧愬ご閫氬父浼氳�杩芥函鍒颁亥濮嗛湇鍏癸紙Hermann von Helmholtz锛夊熀浜庢帹鐞嗗拰棰勬祴鐨勬劅鐭ョ悊璁恒€傜劧鑰岋紝灏遍�娴嬬紪鐮佺浉鍏崇殑绁炵粡鍏冪殑鐮旂┒鑰岃█锛岄�娴嬬紪鐮佺殑璧锋簮鏄�€庢牱鐨勫憿锛�
鈻峰浘锛氳壘瀹炬旦鏂�敊瑙夛紙Ebbinghaus illusion锛屽乏锛夊拰缂�嫆-鑾卞皵閿欒�锛圡眉ller-Lyer illusion锛屽彸锛夐兘鍙�互鐢ㄤ亥濮嗛湇鍏圭殑鎰熺煡鐞嗚�瑙ｉ噴銆備粬鎻愬嚭浜嗕竴涓�潻鍛芥€х殑瑙傜偣锛岀О涓衡€滄棤鎰忚瘑鎺ㄧ悊鈥濓紙unconscious inference锛夛紝寮鸿皟鎰熺煡涓嶄粎浠呮槸鎰熷畼杈撳叆鐨勭洿鎺ュ弽鏄狅紝鑰屾槸澶ц剳閫氳繃鎺ㄧ悊鍜岄�娴嬪�鎰熷畼淇℃伅杩涜�瑙ｉ噴鍜屾瀯寤虹殑缁撴灉銆備亥濮嗛湇鍏圭殑鐞嗚�鏆楃ず浜嗘劅鐭ョ殑棰勬祴鎬э紝鍗冲ぇ鑴戜細鍩轰簬杩囧幓鐨勭粡楠屽拰褰撳墠鐨勬劅瀹樿緭鍏ワ紝棰勬祴鏈�潵鐨勬劅瀹樹俊鎭�€傝繖绉嶉�娴嬫€ф満鍒跺湪鐜颁唬璁ょ煡绉戝�涓�緱鍒颁簡杩涗竴姝ョ殑鍙戝睍锛屼緥濡傞�娴嬬紪鐮佺悊璁猴紙predictive coding锛夈€傚浘婧愶細@澶у嘲_Design
鎷夋澃浠€锛氶偅鏃舵垜璺熼殢鎴戝綋鏃剁殑瀵煎笀宸存媺寰凤紙Dana Ballard锛夊湪缃楀垏鏂�壒澶у�鏀昏�鍗氬＋瀛︿綅銆傛垜鍜屽�甯堢殑鐩搁亣棰囧叿鎴忓墽鎬с€傚師鏈�垜瑕佹敾璇荤悊璁鸿�绠楁満绉戝�鍗氬＋锛屼絾鏌愬ぉ鍦ㄥ�鍗板�鍋堕亣宸存媺寰锋暀鎺堛€備粬璇达細鈥滄垜鏈変釜鏆戞湡鐮旂┒鍔╃悊鑱屼綅锛岃�涓嶈�璇曡瘯锛熲€濇垜绛斿簲浜嗭紝浠庢�杩蜂笂浜嗚�绠楁満瑙嗚�鐮旂┒銆傛垜浠�綋鏃跺湪鐮磋В涓€涓�毦棰橈細濡備綍閫氳繃瑙嗚�鐨�眰琛ㄥ緛锛堝�Gabor婊ゆ尝鍣�級閲嶅缓閬�尅鐗╁悗闈㈢殑鐗╀綋銆�
鎴戜滑鐨勫垵姝ユ€濊矾鏄�€熼壌瑙嗚�鐨�眰鐨勮〃寰佹満鍒躲€傛垜浠�皾璇曚娇鐢℅abor婊ゆ尝鍣ㄧ殑鍥炲簲閲嶅缓閬�尅鐗╀箣鍚庣殑鐗╀綋锛岀粨鏋滃彂鐜帮紝杩欎簺婊ゆ尝鍣ㄤ笉鑳介噸寤哄浘鍍忥紝鍥犱负瀹冧滑瀛樺湪闈炴�浜ゆ€ч棶棰橈紝瀵艰嚧绠€鍗曠嚎鎬х粍鍚堝け鏁堛€傚悗鏉ユ垜浠�€濊€冭兘鍚﹀湪閲嶅缓璇�樊鎴愭湰鍑芥暟涓婅繘琛屾�搴︿笅闄嶏紝鏍规嵁姝ｄ氦婊ゆ尝鍣ㄧ殑鍝嶅簲閲嶅缓鍥惧儚銆傝繖灏卞紩鍑轰簡浼樺寲绁炵粡鍏冨洖搴旂殑鎯虫硶銆�
鈻峰浘锛欸abor婊ゆ尝杈撳嚭绀轰緥锛堜笂锛夈€侴abor鍙樻崲鏄�竴绉嶇煭鏃跺姞绐桭ourier鍙樻崲锛孎ourier鍙樻崲鏄�竴绉嶄俊鍙峰�鐞嗙殑鏈夊姏宸ュ叿锛屽彲浠ュ皢鍥惧儚浠庣┖鍩熻浆鎹㈠埌棰戝煙锛屽苟鎻愬彇鍒扮┖鍩熶笂涓嶆槗鎻愬彇鍒扮殑鐗瑰緛銆備絾鏄疐ourier鍙樻崲缂轰箯鏃堕棿鍜屼綅缃�殑灞€閮ㄤ俊鎭�€侴abor鍙樻崲绠€鍗曠悊瑙ｈ捣鏉ュ氨鏄�湪鐗瑰畾鏃堕棿绐楀唴鍋欶ourier鍙樻崲锛屾槸鐭�椂鍌呴噷鍙跺彉鎹�腑绐楀嚱鏁板彇涓洪珮鏂�嚱鏁版椂鐨勪竴绉嶇壒娈婃儏鍐点€傚洜姝わ紝Gabor婊ゆ尝鍣ㄥ彲浠ュ湪棰戝煙涓婁笉鍚屽昂搴︺€佷笉鍚屾柟鍚戜笂鎻愬彇鐩稿叧鐨勭壒寰併€傚彟澶栵紝Gabor鍑芥暟涓庝汉鐪肩殑浣滅敤鐩镐豢锛屾墍浠ョ粡甯哥敤浣滅汗鐞嗚瘑鍒�笂锛屽苟鍙栧緱浜嗚緝濂界殑鏁堟灉銆傚�鏋滃湪浜岀淮绌洪棿涓�紝浣跨敤涓€涓�笁瑙掑嚱鏁�(a)锛堝�姝ｅ鸡鍑芥暟锛変笌涓€涓�珮鏂�嚱鏁�(b)鍙犲姞锛屾垜浠�氨寰楀埌浜嗕竴涓狦abor婊ゆ尝鍣�(c)锛堜笅锛夈€傚浘婧愶細@Yiwei Zhang
淇濈綏锛氶�娴嬬紪鐮佺殑澶ц嚧鎯虫硶鏄�€庢牱鐨勶紵鎴戝厛璇磋�鎴戠殑鐞嗚В銆傞�娴嬬紪鐮佺殑鍩烘湰鍘熺悊鏄�紝浣犲湪澶ц剳鍓嶇�鏈変竴浜涢�娴嬬殑鎯虫硶锛岀劧鍚庝綘閫氳繃澶ц剳鍚戝悗鍙戦€佽繖浜涙兂娉曘€備互瑙嗚�涓轰緥锛岄偅浜涗紶鍏ョ殑鎰熷畼淇″彿灏变細涓庤繖绉嶉�娴嬬浉閬囷紝杩欐椂棰勬祴涓庤繖浜涗俊鍙蜂箣闂村氨浼氫骇鐢熷樊寮傦紝杩欎竴宸�紓浼氬啀搴﹀悜鍓嶄紶鎾�€傛槸杩欐牱鍚楋紵
鎷夋澃浠€锛氳繖灏辨槸浼犵粺棰勬祴缂栫爜妯″瀷鐨勫熀鏈�兂娉曪紝浼犵粺瑙嗚�妯″瀷锛堝�浼戜集灏�-缁存辰灏旂悊璁篬Hubel-Wiesel theory]锛夊己璋冨墠棣堜紶閫掞細浠庡垵绾ц�瑙夌毊灞傦紙V1锛夊埌棰炰笅鐨�眰锛圛T锛夌殑閫愬眰鐗瑰緛鎻愬彇锛屾渶缁堣Е鍙戣�鐭ュ拰琛屼负銆備絾褰撴垜浠��瑙嗙毊灞傝В鍓栫粨鏋勬椂锛屾瘡涓�剳鍖烘棦鍙戝嚭鍓嶉�杩炴帴锛屼篃鎺ユ敹鏉ヨ嚜楂樼骇鑴戝尯鐨勫弽棣堣繛鎺ャ€傝繖涓€鎯虫硶鍙�互杩芥函鍒颁紤浼�皵涓庣淮娉藉皵銆備紶缁熸兂娉曢€氬父璁や负鎰熺煡鏄�€氳繃鍓嶉�浼犻€掑畬鎴愮殑锛屼竴涓�浘鍍忛棯杩囨椂锛屽氨浼氭湁浠嶸1銆乂2銆乂4瑙嗗尯涓€鐩村埌涓嬮�鍙剁毊灞傜殑鍓嶉�浼犻€掞紝鑰屽悗杩欎竴鍥惧儚琚�瘑鍒�€傚熀浜庣浉鍏崇殑璁ょ煡锛屽�鏋滀綘浣滃嚭鍏充簬琛屽姩鐨勫喅瀹氬苟鎸変笅琛屽姩鎸夐挳锛岃�鍔ㄥ氨浼氶殢涔嬭€屾潵銆�
淇濈綏锛氬�鏋滃彧鑳界湅鍒扮墿浣撶殑杈圭紭閮ㄥ垎锛屾瘮濡傚彧鐪嬪埌浜嗘�瀛愮殑鑵匡紝杩樿兘璁ゅ嚭閭ｆ槸涓€寮犳�瀛愬悧锛�
鎷夋澃浠€锛氳繖绉嶅垎鍖哄煙鑰屾不鐨勭幇璞″湪浜哄伐鏅鸿兘棰嗗煙涔熷薄瑙佷笉椴溿€傛暣涓�汉宸ユ櫤鑳介�鍩熻�鍒掑垎涓轰笉鍚岀殑瀛愰�鍩燂紝鏈変汉鍦ㄥ仛瑙嗚�锛屾湁浜哄湪鍋氳繍鍔ㄦ帶鍒舵満鍣ㄤ汉锛岃繕鏈変汉鍦ㄥ仛鍩轰簬閫昏緫鐨勯珮绾т汉宸ユ櫤鑳姐€傝繖涓庣�缁忕�瀛﹀拰璁ょ煡绉戝�鐨勭爺绌剁幇鐘堕潪甯哥浉浼硷紝浜轰滑鎬绘槸涓撴敞浜庡�鐗瑰畾鍖哄煙鍜屾ā寮忕殑鐮旂┒銆�
瀛︾晫瀵瑰弽棣堣繛鎺ョ殑鏅�亶蹇借�瀹炲湪浠や汉闇囨儕銆傚�鏋滀綘瑙傚療姣忎釜鐨�眰鍖哄煙锛屽氨浼氬彂鐜板畠涓嶄粎浼氬彂閫佸墠棣堣繛鎺ワ紝杩樹細鎺ユ敹鏉ヨ嚜楂橀樁鍖哄煙鐨勫弽棣堣繛鎺ャ€備絾褰撴椂钁楀悕鐨勮�瑙夌�缁忕�瀛﹀�璁や负鍙嶉�杩炴帴鐨勫姛鑳戒笉杩囨槸璋冩帶娉ㄦ剰鍔涳紝瀵逛簬瀵硅薄鎰熺煡鑰岃█鍙�槸娆¤�鐨勩€�
棰勬祴缂栫爜鐞嗚�鎵�浆浜嗚繖绉嶈�璇嗭紝瀹冩寚鍑哄ぇ鑴戠殑鏍规湰浠诲姟鏄�缓绔嬩笘鐣岀殑鍐呭湪鐢熸垚妯″瀷锛屽ぇ鑴戞寔缁�敓鎴愬亣璁惧苟涓庢劅瀹樿緭鍏ユ瘮瀵广€備簩鑰呬箣闂寸殑涓嶅尮閰嶈�绉颁负棰勬祴璇�樊锛坧redictive error锛夛紝棰勬祴璇�樊閫氳繃鍓嶉�閫氳矾鍙嶉�鍥炲幓锛岃�鐢ㄦ潵鏇存柊棰勬祴銆備篃灏辨槸璇达紝鍓嶉�閫氳矾瀹為檯涓婂苟涓嶆惡甯﹀師濮嬩俊鍙凤紝鑰屾槸鎼哄甫棰勬祴璇�樊銆傛垜璁や负杩欐槸涓€涓�噸澶у彂鐜帮紝涓庝紶缁熸€濈淮涓嶅悓銆�
淇濈綏锛氳繖鏄�竴涓�彶鏃犲墠渚嬬殑娲炶�鍚楋紵
鎷夋澃浠€锛氳繖涓�兂娉曞湪褰撴椂瀹為檯涓婂凡缁忓懠涔嬫�鍑轰簡銆傛垜褰撴椂姝ｅ湪闃呰�鎴寸淮路鑺掔�寰凤紙David Mumford锛夌瓑浜虹殑璁烘枃锛屼粬鍦ㄥ叾涓�皥璁轰笜鑴戜笌鐨�眰浠ュ強涓嶅悓鐨�眰鍖哄煙涔嬮棿鐨勮仈绯汇€傝繕鏈夎┕濮嗘柉路闃垮皵浼�柉锛圝ames Albus锛夛紝浠栧湪浜哄伐鏅鸿兘鐨勮儗鏅�笅璁ㄨ�杩欎釜闂��锛屽苟灏卞皬鑴戝仛浜嗕竴浜涘伐浣溿€備粬瀵逛汉宸ユ櫤鑳藉拰鏈哄櫒浜烘帶鍒跺櫒涓�殑灞傜骇缁撴瀯涔熸湁闈炲父鏈夎叮鐨勬兂娉曘€傜被浼肩殑鎯虫硶鏈€缁堝彲鑳戒細杩芥函鍒板攼绾冲痉路楹﹀嚡锛圖onald MaKay锛夛紝浠栧湪20涓栫邯50骞翠唬鍐欒繃涓€绡囪�鏂囷紝鍙�仛銆婅嚜鍔ㄦ満鐨勮�璇嗚�闂��銆嬶紙The epistemological problem for automata锛夈€備粬鍦ㄥ叾涓�彁鍑鸿繖鏍风殑鎯虫硶锛氬�鏋滀綘鑳芥妸璇�樊淇″彿浠庝竴涓�ā鍧楀彂閫佸埌鍙︿竴涓�ā鍧楋紝灏辫兘鍦ㄥ眰绾х粨鏋勭殑涓嶅悓灞傜骇涔嬮棿寤虹珛鎶借薄琛ㄥ緛銆�
鎴戜滑鎵€鍋氱殑宸ヤ綔鏈�川涓婃槸灏嗚�澶氬凡缁忛殣绉樺瓨鍦ㄧ殑鎯虫硶鍔犱互鍒╃敤锛屽苟浠ユ暟瀛︽柟娉曟潵瀹炵幇杩欎簺鎯虫硶銆傛垜浠�彂鐜帮紝濡傛灉灏嗙�缁忓弽搴旇В閲婁负棰勬祴璇�樊锛屽氨鑳芥洿濂藉湴瑙ｉ噴涓€浜涗护浜鸿垂瑙ｇ殑鏁堝簲锛屽�鏈��鎶戝埗锛坋nd stopping锛夈€佷笂涓嬫枃璋冨埗锛坈ontextual modutation锛夈€佹柟鍚戯紙orientation锛変互鍙婂�姣旀晥搴旓紙contrast effects锛夌瓑銆備粎鍑�墠棣堟ā鍨嬪垯寰堥毦瑙ｉ噴杩欎簺鏁堝簲銆�
淇濈綏锛氶害搴撴礇鍏嬪拰鐨�尐锛圡cCulloch-Pitts锛変篃寮鸿皟鍙嶉�鐨勯噸瑕佹€с€備粬浠�湪缁樺埗绁炵粡鍏冨皬鍥炬椂锛屼笉鍚岀�缁忓厓鏋勬垚涓€涓�弽棣堢幆璺�紙feedback loop锛夈€�
鈻稭cCulloch-Pitts Neuron锛岀�涓€涓��缁忓厓璁＄畻妯″瀷锛岄�鍏堝畬鎴� I 鍜� w 鐨勭嚎鎬у姞鏉冩眰鍜岋紝鐒跺悗鍐嶈�绠楁縺娲诲嚱鏁扮殑缁撴灉銆傝繖鏈�川鏄�竴涓�嚎鎬у垎绫绘ā鍨嬶紝浣滅敤鏄��杈撳叆杩涜�浜屽垎绫汇€傝繖绗﹀悎鐢熺墿绁炵粡鍏冪殑鐗圭偣锛岀敓鐗╃�缁忓厓瀵硅緭鍏ヤ俊鍙锋墍浜х敓鐨勮緭鍑哄氨鏄�細鍏村�銆佹姂鍒躲€傞偅涔堬紝鎴戜滑灏卞彲浠ラ€氳繃MP绁炵粡鍏冩ā鍨嬮�娴嬪嚭鏍锋湰鐨勭洰鏍囥€傚浘婧愶細kenhub.com
鎷夋澃浠€锛氭槸鐨勶紝浠栦滑鐨勭‘鍦ㄥ己璋冪幆璺�殑閲嶈�鎬с€傚綋鏃舵湁寰堝�浜鸿瘯鍥剧敤鍔ㄥ姏绯荤粺鐞嗚�鏉ヨВ鏋愯繖浜涚幆鐘剁綉缁滅殑鐗硅川锛屼絾灏嗚繖绉嶅熀纭€鐞嗚�鐮旂┒涓庤В鍓栫粨鏋勭浉瀵瑰簲锛屾墠鏄�湡姝ｇ殑绐佺牬銆傛垜浠�幇鍦ㄦ墍鍋氱殑鏄�瘯鍥惧皢鍏舵槧灏勫埌瑙ｅ墫瀛︿笂锛屽挨鍏舵槸鏄犲皠鍒板ぇ鑴戠毊灞備笂銆傚ぇ鑴戠毊灞傚彲鍒嗕负鍏�眰锛屽墠棣堣繛鎺ヨ繘鍏ヤ腑闂村眰锛屽嵆绗�洓灞傦紙鍐呴�绮掑眰锛夛紝鐒跺悗鏄�潵鑷�祬灞傜殑鍙嶉�銆�
鈻风毊灞備笉鍚屽眰绾х殑缁嗚優涓庢垚鍍忋€傚浘婧愶細kenhub.com
璐瑰嫆鏇�-鑼�-鍩冩．灞傜骇缁撴瀯锛團elleman & Van Essen Hierarchy锛夋垨璁告湁鍔╀簬鐞嗚В杩欎竴鐐广€傚�鏋滄垜浠�皢璐瑰嫆鏇�-鑼�-鍩冩．灞傜骇缁撴瀯瑙ｉ噴涓鸿繘鍖栬繃绋嬩腑浜х敓鐨勪竴涓�敓鎴愭ā鍨嬶紝鐢ㄤ簬瀵逛笘鐣岃繘琛屾湰璐ㄥ缓妯°€傝繖灏辨剰鍛崇潃浣犲彲浠ヤ粠杩欎釜鐢熸垚妯″瀷涓�娊鏍凤紝骞剁敓鎴愬姩鐗╂墍闈�复鐨勬儏澧冨強鍏朵笌鐜��鐩镐簰浣滅敤鐨勪緥瀛愶紝鎺ㄧ悊灏辨槸鏇存柊浣犳墍鎷ユ湁鐨勫叧浜庝笘鐣岀殑棰勬祴銆傛垜璁や负鍏朵腑鐨勫叧閿�兂娉曟槸锛屾帹鐞嗘槸鍦ㄦ墍鏈変笉鍚岀毊灞傚尯鍩熺殑缇や綋姘村钩涓婂揩閫熸洿鏂扮殑绁炵粡鍙嶅簲銆傚湪杈冩參鐨勬椂闂村昂搴︿笂锛岃繖浜涗笉鍖归厤鎴栬�宸�垯鍙�互鐢ㄦ潵鏇存柊鏉冮噸銆佸�涔犳垨鍙備笌绐佽Е鍙��鎬с€�
鈻疯垂鍕掓浖-鑼�-鍩冩．瀵圭寱鐚村ぇ鑴戣�瑙夊尯鍩熺殑灞傛�缁撴瀯銆傚浘婧愶細semanticscholar.org
02 棰勬祴缂栫爜鐞嗚�鐨勮繃鍘讳笌鐜板湪
淇濈綏锛氫綘鏈€鏈夊悕鐨勮�鏂囨槸1999骞寸殑璁烘枃*锛岄偅涓€瀹氭槸浣犺�寮曠敤娆℃暟鏈€澶氱殑璁烘枃鍚с€備綘鍦ㄤ竴娆℃紨璁蹭腑榧撳姳鐮旂┒鐢熶滑璇达細鈥滅湅锛屽潥鎸佷綘鐨勬兂娉曪紝鏈€缁堜篃璁稿氨浼氬紑鑺辩粨鏋溾€濄€�
*Rao, Rajesh PN, and Dana H. Ballard. "Predictive coding in the visual cortex: a functional interpretation of some extra-classical receptive-field effects." Nature neuroscience 2.1 (1999): 79-87.
鎷夋澃浠€锛氭垜鎯宠〃杈剧殑鏄�紝杩欑瘒璁烘枃鑳藉�鍙戣〃鐨勫師鍥犱箣涓€鏄�畠鎻愪緵浜嗕竴绉嶅墠鐬绘€х殑鎯虫硶锛屼緥濡傦紝鍩轰簬璇�樊绁炵粡鍏冧笌涓嬩竴鐨�眰鍖哄煙涔嬮棿瀛樺湪鍓嶉�杩炴帴棰勬祴瀹冧滑瀛樺湪浜庡ぇ鑴戠毊灞傜殑绗�簩灞傦紙澶栭�绮掑眰锛夊拰绗�笁灞傦紙澶栭敟浣撶粏鑳炲眰锛夛紱鎴栬€咃紝鑳藉惁瑙傚療鍒版洿娣卞眰锛屼緥濡傜�浜斿眰锛堝唴閿ヤ綋缁嗚優灞傦級鐨勭�缁忓厓锛熷畠浠�細浜х敓鎬庢牱鐨勫弽搴旓紵
鏍规嵁棰勬祴缂栫爜妯″瀷锛屾繁灞傜�缁忓厓瀛樺偍鐨勬槸瀵硅韩浣撶姸鎬佹垨杩愬姩鍙嶅簲鐨勮瘎浼般€傚綋鏃堕獙璇佸叾棰勮█鐨勫疄楠屾妧鏈�皻涓嶆垚鐔熴€傜洿鍒板崄骞村悗锛岄殢鐫€鍏夐仐浼犲�鍜屽弻鍏夊瓙鎴愬儚鎶€鏈�殑绐佺牬锛屽�鐣屾墠寮€濮嬬郴缁熸€ч獙璇佽繖浜涘亣璁俱€傜幇鍦ㄥ畠宸叉垚涓鸿繛鎺ヤ富涔変笌璐濆彾鏂�帹鐞嗙殑閲嶈�妗ユ�銆�
濡傛灉鎶婃椂闂村揩杩涘埌2000骞存湯锛屽氨浼氬彂鐜伴偅绡囪�鏂囩殑寮曠敤娆℃暟寮€濮嬩笉鏂�攢鍗囥€傚�浠婏紝瓒婃潵瓒婂�鐨勪汉璇曞浘浠庝笉鍚屾柟闈㈢爺绌惰繖涓€鐞嗚�銆傚紬閲屾柉椤匡紙Karl Friston锛夊湪杩欑瘒璁烘枃鍙戣〃10鍒�20骞村悗鍦╪ews & views涓婃挵鍐欑殑鏂囩珷涓�皥鍙婅繖绡囪�鏂囧�浠栫殑鐮旂┒鐨勫奖鍝�*銆傚悗鏉ヤ粬鎻愬嚭鐨勮嚜鐢辫兘鍘熺悊锛坒ree energy principle锛変互鍙婃渶杩戝箍涓轰汉鐭ョ殑涓诲姩鎺ㄧ悊锛坅ctive inference锛夐兘鏄�湪姝ゅ熀纭€涓婄殑寤朵几銆�
*Friston, Karl. "Does predictive coding have a future?." Nature neuroscience 21.8 (2018): 1019-1021.
淇濈綏锛氬綋鏃朵綘鑳藉�棰勬祴鍒拌繖绡囨枃绔犵殑褰卞搷鍔涗細濡傛�涔嬪ぇ鍚楋紵
鎷夋澃浠€锛氬綋鏃舵垜骞朵笉鐩镐俊杩欑瘒鏂囩珷浼氭縺鍙戜汉浠�幓鍋氬疄楠岋紝鍏跺疄璁烘枃鏈€鍒濆�鍙楄川鐤戯紝Nature Neuroscience鐨勭紪杈戞浘閫忛湶棣栬疆瀹＄ǹ浜烘嫆缁濇挵鍐欒瘎璁猴紝涔熻�鏄�洜涓鸿繖涓€鐞嗚�鏈夋倴浜庝粬浠��澶ц剳鐨�眰宸ヤ綔鍘熺悊鐨勪紶缁熸€濊€冦€�
鐩村埌绉戣但锛圕hristof Koch锛夊拰娉㈠悏濂ワ紙Tomaso Poggio锛夌敤绂忓皵鎽╂柉鐨勩€婂け椹�緱椹�€嬶紙The Adventure of Silver Blaze锛変腑鈥滅寧鐘�湭鍚犳殫绀虹啛浜轰綔妗堚€濈殑闅愬柣锛屾潵闃愰噴棰勬祴缂栫爜閫氳繃"鏈�彂鐢熺殑棰勬湡"鎻�ず娣卞眰淇℃伅銆傝嚜姝わ紝瀛︾晫鎵嶅紑濮嬬湡姝ｇ悊瑙ｅ叾浠峰€笺€傚洜姝わ紝杩欑瘒鏂囩珷鍦ㄥ彂琛ㄥ垵鏈熸枃绔犵殑寮曠敤閲忓疄闄呬笂寰堝皯銆�10鍒�15骞翠箣鍚庯紝杩欎竴鐞嗚�鎵嶇湡姝ｆ祦琛岃捣鏉ャ€傚綋鐒讹紝鍙嶅�鑰呬竴鐩撮兘鍦�紝浜嬪疄涓婅嚦浠婁粛鏈夊緢澶氫汉涓嶇浉淇″弽棣堢湡鐨勪細褰卞搷瀹為檯鎰熺煡銆�
鈻峰浘锛氫睛鎺㈤棶绂忓皵鎽╂柉杩樻湁娌℃湁浠€涔堝叾浠栬�鐐癸紝绂忓皵鎽╂柉璇达細鏅氫笂鐙楃殑琛屼负寰堝�鎬�€備睛鎺�笉瑙ｏ細閭ｅ彧鐙楀湪澶滈棿鏄庢槑浠€涔堜篃娌″仛銆傚�娲涘厠路绂忓皵鎽╂柉鍥炵瓟锛氳繖灏辨槸涓嶅�甯镐箣澶勩€傞�娴嬬紪鐮佺殑浠峰€间箣涓€灏卞湪浜庯紝瀹冨彲浠ラ€氳繃鍏虫敞"鏈�簲鍙戠敓浣嗘湭鍙戠敓鐨勪簨"鎻�ず琚�拷鐣ョ殑淇℃伅銆傚浘婧愶細libro.fm
鐒惰€岋紝鎴戣�涓虹幇鍦ㄥ凡缁忔湁鏄庣‘鐨勮瘉鎹�〃鏄庯紝鍦ㄦ劅瑙夎繍鍔ㄤ换鍔′腑锛屽姩鐗╁仛鍑轰竴涓�繍鍔ㄥ姩浣滀箣鍚庯紝浼氭湁涓€涓�帹鐞嗗壇鏈�紙inference copy锛夎�鍏跺仛鍑洪�娴嬨€傚ぇ鍗�锋柦鑰愬痉锛圖avid Schneider锛夊疄楠屽�鍜屾牸濂ュ皵鏍悸峰嚡鍕掞紙Georg Keller锛夊疄楠屽�鎻愪緵鐨勫ぇ閲忚瘉鎹�〃鏄�*锛屽綋杩愬姩鎴栧洓鑲㈡寜鍘嬫潬鏉嗗苟浜х敓鍚��鍙嶅簲鏃讹紝鍚��鐨�眰涓�兘澶熷彂鐜扮被浼奸�娴嬭�宸�俊鍙风殑鎶戝埗銆傜函绮圭殑鎰熻�瀹為獙涓�篃浼氱湅鍒扮被浼奸�娴嬭�宸�殑鎶ュ憡銆�
Keller, Georg B., and Thomas D. Mrsic-Flogel. "Predictive processing: a canonical cortical computation." Neuron 100.2 (2018): 424-435.
淇濈綏锛氳繖缁欐垜浠�粈涔堝惎绀猴紵棰勬祴缂栫爜灏氭湭琚�櫘閬嶆帴鍙楋紝浣嗘妧鏈�繘姝ユ�鍦ㄩ獙璇佸叾鍋囪�锛�
鎷夋澃浠€锛氱�瀛︾悊璁虹殑浣垮懡姝ｅ湪浜庢�銆傚ソ鐨勭悊璁哄簲鍏峰�鍙�瘉浼�€с€備綔涓轰竴鍚嶇悊璁哄�锛屾垜浠�殑宸ヤ綔灏辨槸鎻愬嚭瓒冲�鏄庣‘鐨勭悊璁猴紝骞跺皢鍏朵笌瑙ｅ墫瀛﹁仈绯昏捣鏉ャ€傚湪姝よ繃绋嬩腑锛屼篃璁镐竴浜涙柊鐨勬暟鎹�兘澶熸縺鍙戞柊鐨勭悊璁猴紝骞跺紩棰嗚繖涓€棰嗗煙鍚戝墠鍙戝睍銆傚彧瑕佺悊璁烘槸鍚堢悊鐨勶紝涓庣幇鏈夋暟鎹�浉鍖归厤锛屾彁鍑烘柊鐨勭悊璁哄氨涓嶈冻涓烘儳銆傚氨鍍忔垜浠�綋骞寸敤"鏈��鎶戝埗"鍜�"涓婁笅鏂囪皟鍒�"绛夌幇璞★紝缁撳悎瑙ｅ墫璇佹嵁鏋勫缓棰勬祴缂栫爜妗嗘灦锛屽嵆浣块儴鍒嗗亣璁捐�璇佷吉锛屽彧瑕佹帹鍔ㄦ柊瀹為獙鍜屾柊鐞嗚�锛屽氨鏄�垚鍔熴€傚綋鍓嶇爺绌惰€呭簲缁х画鏁村悎瀹為獙鏁版嵁涓庤�绠楀缓妯★紝鍚屾椂浠庢紨鍖栬�搴﹁拷闂�ぇ鑴戠殑鏍规湰浠诲姟銆�
淇濈綏锛氫綘鏄�惁璁や负棰勬祴缂栫爜鏄�煇绉嶅叧浜庡ぇ鑴戣繍浣滄ā寮忕殑閫氱敤鐞嗚�锛�
鎷夋澃浠€锛氭垜璁や负杩欏彧鏄�櫤鑳芥嫾鍥剧殑涓€閮ㄥ垎锛屽埆蹇樹簡ChatGPT鍜孴ransformer妯″瀷涔熷熀浜庨�娴嬫満鍒躲€傞�娴嬪緢閲嶈�锛屽洜涓哄姩鐗╁繀椤婚�娴嬫墠鑳界敓瀛樸€傚湪杩涘寲鐨勬煇涓�樁娈碉紝澶ц剳寮€濮嬪缓绔嬩笘鐣屾ā鍨嬶紝浠ヤ究鑳藉�棰勬祴鍗冲皢鍑虹幇鐨勬儏澧冦€�
鏃犺�鏄�湪浜哄伐鏅鸿兘杩樻槸鑷�劧鏅鸿兘涓�紝涓栫晫妯″瀷鎴栭�娴嬫ā鍨嬮兘鑳藉甫鏉ユ樉鑰屾槗瑙佺殑濂藉�銆傝繖涓€妯″瀷鏈夊姪浜庡簲瀵逛笘鐣岀殑涓嶇‘瀹氭€э紝骞跺讥琛ヤ粠鑲岃倝浼犳劅鍣ㄥ埌澶ц剳鐨勫欢杩燂紝浠庤€屾彁楂樺瓨娲荤殑鍑犵巼銆傛�澶栵紝濡傛灉浣犳湁鑳藉姏棰勬祴骞舵嫢鏈夋ā鍨嬶紝閭ｄ箞浣犲氨鍙�互鍋氳�鍒掋€傝繖鏍蜂竴鏉ワ紝浣犲氨鏈夎兘鍔涘仛鍑烘瘮琚�姩鍙嶅簲鐢熺墿鏇村�鏉傜殑琛屽姩銆傛垜璁や负锛屼笉璁烘槸浠庤�绠楄�瑙掑嚭鍙戯紝杩樻槸鍩轰簬婕斿寲鍜岀敓鐗╁�鐨勮�瑙掞紝寤虹珛杩欐牱鐨勪竴涓�唴閮ㄦā鍨嬮兘鏄�繀瑕佷笖鏈夌泭鐨勩€�
03 灏嗚繍鍔ㄥ紩鍏ラ�娴嬬紪鐮佹ā鍨�
淇濈綏锛氬湪姝や箣鍚庯紝浣犲紑濮嬩簡瀵圭毊灞傜殑鎰熻�杩愬姩鐞嗚�鐨勭爺绌躲€傝繖涓€杞�彉鏄��浣曞彂鐢熺殑锛�
鎷夋澃浠€锛氬師鍥犳槸澶氭柟闈㈢殑銆傚綋鎴戦噸鏂版€濊€冨ぇ鑴戝瓨鍦ㄧ殑婕斿寲鎰忎箟鏃讹紝閫氬父浼氳拷婧�埌涓€浜涙渶鍘熷�鐨勭敓鐗╄�涓衡€斺€旀瘮濡傝秼鍒╅伩瀹虫垨鑰呰�椋熻�涓恒€傚湪杩欎釜杩囩▼涓�紝闇€瑕佸€熷姪鎰熺煡鏉ュ敖閲忓噺灏戣�宸�€傚洜姝わ紝鎰熺煡涓庤繍鍔ㄧ揣瀵嗙浉杩烇紝杩愬姩鍙�互璁╃敓鐗╂敼鍙樹綅缃�垨瀵圭幆澧冪殑涓嶅悓閮ㄥ垎杩涜�閲囨牱锛屾劅鐭ュ垯鍛婅瘔瀹冧滑杩愬姩鎴愬姛涓庡惁銆�
淇濈綏锛氫粠鏃堕棿椤哄簭鏉ョ湅锛屾槸鍏堟劅鐭ュ悗杩愬姩鍚楋紵
鎷夋澃浠€锛氫袱鑰呬簰涓哄洜鏋溿€傚湪鏌愮�鎰忎箟涓婂彲浠ヨ�鏄�厛鏈夋劅鐭ワ紝渚嬪�鐢熺墿鍏锋湁涓€涓�叧浜庤惀鍏讳笉瓒崇殑鍐呴儴鎰熺煡锛岃繖涓€鎰熺煡鍙�兘浼氶┍浣垮畠琛屽姩銆傝€屽綋瀹冪Щ鍔ㄥ苟鎽勫叆涓€浜涜惀鍏荤墿璐ㄥ悗锛屽唴閮ㄧ姸鎬佷細鍙戠敓鏀瑰彉銆備竴涓�彧鏈夋劅鐭ヨ€屾病鏈夎繍鍔ㄧ殑鐢熺墿鏄�笉鍙�悊鍠荤殑銆傚嵆渚挎槸鎹曡潎鑽変篃鏈夋姄浣忔槅铏�苟娑堝寲鐨勫姩浣滐紝瀹冨彧鏄�笉浼氬儚鐢熺墿閭ｆ牱鍦ㄧ┖闂翠腑杩愬姩銆�
淇濈綏锛氬洖鍒拌繖涓ょ瘒璁烘枃涔嬮棿闀胯揪25骞寸殑楦挎矡锛屽皢杩愬姩寮曞叆棰勬祴缂栫爜妯″瀷浼间箮鏄�竴涓�ぇ鐨勭獊鐮淬€傛垜浠�垰鍒氳�缁嗚�璁轰簡杩愬姩鐨勯噸瑕佹€с€備綘鑳藉惁鎬荤粨涓€涓嬶紝浣犳槸濡備綍灏嗚繍鍔ㄨ瀺鍏ラ�娴嬬紪鐮佹�鏋剁殑锛�
鎷夋澃浠€锛氭垜璁や负锛岀湡姝ｄ績浣挎垜璧颁笂杩欐潯閬撹矾鐨勭�涓€椤硅�瀵熺粨鏋滄槸锛屽嵆浣挎槸鍒濈骇瑙嗚�鐨�眰V1銆佸垵绾т綋鎰熺毊灞係1鎴栧垵绾у惉瑙夌毊灞侫1杩欐牱鐨勫垵绾ф劅瑙夊尯鍩熶腑锛屼篃浼氳�瀵熷埌杩愬姩鐨勫奖鍝嶃€傚崱鍏拌开灏悸峰搱閲屾柉锛圔rooke Holey锛夊疄楠屽�鍜屾埓缁绰锋柦鑰愬痉锛圖avid Schneider锛夊疄楠屽�鐨勮�鏂囪〃鏄�*锛屼紶缁熺殑鎰熻�鍖哄煙涓�兘澶熻�瀵熷埌涓庤繍鍔ㄧ浉鍏崇殑鍙嶅簲銆備笉浠呭�姝わ紝浠庤В鍓栧�瑙掑害鏉ョ湅锛屽垵绾ф劅瑙夊尯鍩燂紙濡俈1銆丄1銆丼1銆佽函浣撴劅瑙夌毊灞傦級鐨勭�浜斿眰缁嗚優浼氬悜鐨�眰涓嬭繍鍔ㄥ尯鍩熷彂閫佽酱绐併€俈1灏嗚酱绐佸彂閫佸埌涓婁笜锛孉1灏嗚酱绐佸彂閫佸埌涓嬩笜銆�
*Holey, Brooke E., and David M. Schneider. "Sensation and expectation are embedded in mouse motor cortical activity." Cell reports 43.7 (2024).
鏈夎叮鐨勬槸锛屼俊鎭�笉浠呬粎鏄�粠澶ц剳鐨�眰鐨勭�鍥涘眰鍙戦€佸埌绗�簩灞傛垨绗�笁灞傦紝鑰屽悗鍒拌揪绗�簲灞傦紝绗�簲灞備篃浼氬皢淇℃伅浼犲洖绗�簩灞傚拰绗�笁灞傘€傝〃灞傚拰娣卞眰涔嬮棿浜庢槸褰㈡垚涓€涓�惊鐜�€傚�鏋滆〃灞備粠绗�洓灞傛帴鏀舵劅瀹樹俊鎭�紝娣卞眰灏嗕俊鎭�緭鍑哄埌杩愬姩涓�績锛岄偅涔堟瘡涓�毊灞傚尯鍩熷唴閮戒細褰㈡垚涓€涓�劅瑙夊拰杩愬姩涔嬮棿鐨勫惊鐜�€�
寮哄寲瀛︿範涓�娇鐢ㄧ殑椹�皵鍙�か鍐崇瓥杩囩▼锛圡arkov Decision Process锛孧DP锛夌殑鎬濇兂鏈夊姪浜庢緞娓呮劅瑙変笌杩愬姩涔嬮棿鐨勫惊鐜�€傜畝鍗曟潵璇达紝寮哄寲瀛︿範璁や负鏅鸿兘浣撶殑姣忎釜鍔ㄤ綔閮戒細鏀瑰彉鐜��鐘舵€侊紝鑰屼笅涓€涓�姸鎬佷粎鍙栧喅浜庡綋鍓嶇姸鎬佷笌鍔ㄤ綔銆傝繖鏋勬垚浜嗕笘鐣岃繍琛岀殑"鍓嶅悜妯″瀷"锛團orward Model锛夈€備笌姝ゅ悓鏃讹紝绛栫暐鍑芥暟浼氭牴鎹�綋鍓嶇姸鎬侀€夋嫨鏈€浼樺姩浣溿€傚綋鎴戜滑灏嗕笘鐣屾ā鍨嬶紙棰勬祴锛変笌鍔ㄤ綔绛栫暐锛堝喅绛栵級缁撳悎锛屽氨褰㈡垚浜嗏€滈�娴嬧啋琛屽姩鈫掑啀棰勬祴鈥濈殑鏅鸿兘寰�幆銆�
鈻峰浘锛氶┈灏斿彲澶�喅绛栬繃绋嬶紙Markov Decision Process, MDP锛夋槸鏁板�鍜岃�绠楁満绉戝�涓�敤浜庡缓妯″簭璐�喅绛栭棶棰樼殑涓€绉嶆�鏋躲€傚畠鏄�己鍖栧�涔狅紙RL锛夌殑鍩虹�鐞嗚�涔嬩竴锛屽箍娉涘簲鐢ㄤ簬浜哄伐鏅鸿兘銆佹帶鍒剁悊璁恒€佺粡娴庡�鍜屾満鍣ㄤ汉瀛︾瓑棰嗗煙銆侻DP鐨勬牳蹇冩€濇兂鏄�細鍦ㄩ┈灏斿彲澶�€х殑鍋囪�涓嬶紝閫氳繃绛栫暐閫夋嫨鍔ㄤ綔锛屼互鏈€澶у寲绱�Н濂栧姳銆�
寮哄寲瀛︿範鐨勭洰鏍囨槸瀛︿範绛栫暐锛坧olicy锛夛紝鍗崇粰瀹氫笘鐣岀姸鎬佷腑鐨勬渶浣宠�鍔ㄦā寮忋€傚�鏋滃皢椤堕儴鐨勬ā鍨嬪拰搴曢儴鐨勭瓥鐣ョ粨鍚堣捣鏉ワ紝灏变細寰楀埌涓€涓�牴鎹�綘鐨勬劅瑙夎緭鍏ラ�娴嬩笅涓€涓�姸鎬佺殑鍑芥暟锛屽苟褰㈡垚棰勬祴涓庤�鍔ㄤ箣闂寸殑寰�幆銆備换浣曠毊灞傚尯鍩熺殑鎰熷畼杩愬姩妯″潡閮藉湪鑷�繁鐨勬椂绌哄昂搴︿笂鎸夌収杩欑�妯″紡杩愯�銆�
鏈€鍚庣殑闂��鏄�紝涓嶅悓鐨勫眰娆＄粨鏋勫拰涓嶅悓鐨勫ぇ鑴戠毊灞傚尯鍩熶箣闂存槸濡備綍鐩镐簰浣滅敤鐨勶紵涓轰粈涔堜細鏈夊弽棣堣繛鎺ワ紵浜嬪疄璇佹槑锛屼粠璁＄畻鐨勮�瑙掓潵鐪嬶紝濡傛灉浣犳兂浠ヤ竴绉嶉潪甯镐赴瀵岀殑鏂瑰紡妯℃嫙涓栫晫锛岄偅涔堜綘闇€瑕佸仛鐨勫氨鏄��杈冮珮灞傛�璋冭妭杈冧綆灞傛�鐨勫姩鎬併€傚ぇ鑴戦渶瑕佹牴鎹�换鍔＄殑涓嶅悓锛屾敼鍙樹綆灞傝�绠楃殑鍑芥暟銆備緥濡傚�鏋滀綘鐨勪换鍔℃槸寮€杞﹀幓鏌愪釜鍦版柟 锛岄偅涔堜綘瑕佸姞杞界殑绋嬪簭灏辨槸涓婅溅銆佺‘瀹氱洰鐨勫湴鐒跺悗寮€杞︺€備綘鍞�竴闇€瑕佸仛寰楁槸灏嗗凡缁忓�涔犲埌鐨勭瓥鐣ユ�鍏ュ埌褰撳墠鐨勭洰鏍囦腑銆傚姞杞芥柊绋嬪簭鍙�互閫氳繃鑷�笂鑰屼笅鐨勮皟鑺傛潵瀹屾垚銆備篃璁稿墠棰濆彾鐨�眰浼氬皢杩欎簺绋嬪簭鍔犺浇鍒颁綆绾у尯鍩熴€�
淇濈綏锛氶偅涔堝墠棰濆彾鐨�眰鏄�€庝箞褰㈡垚鐨勶紵
鎷夋澃浠€锛氭垜浠�殑鍋囪�鏄�紝鎵€鏈夊尯鍩熸渶鍒濋兘鍦ㄥ悇鑷�殑鏃剁┖灏哄害涓婅繍琛岋紝鑰岄殢鐫€鐨�眰灞傜骇鐨勫崌楂橈紝淇℃伅澶勭悊鐨勬椂闂村昂搴﹂€愭笎寤堕暱锛屾娊璞＄▼搴﹂€掑�銆傝繖鏃朵細鏈変竴缇ょ�缁忓厓瀵瑰綋鍓嶇殑鎯呭�鎴栦换鍔¤繘琛岀紪鐮侊紝鐗瑰畾鐩�爣鍦ㄥ墠棰濆彾鐨�眰琚�疄渚嬪寲骞惰�缁存寔锛岀洿鍒扮洰鏍囧疄鐜颁负姝€€傚湪缁存寔鐩�爣鐨勫悓鏃讹紝鍓嶉�鍙剁毊灞傝繕浼氳皟鑺傚寘鎷�函浣撴劅瑙夊尯鍩熷湪鍐呯殑鍏朵粬鎵€鏈変笌瀹炵幇鐩�爣鐩稿叧鐨勫尯鍩熴€傚洜姝わ紝鍗充娇鏄�函浣撴劅瑙夌毊灞傘€佽�瑙夌毊灞傘€佸惉瑙夌瓑鍒濈骇鎰熻�鍖哄煙涔熸湁鏉ヨ嚜楂樼骇鍖哄煙鐨勮儗鏅�俊鎭�€�
鍦ㄤ笉鍚屽昂搴﹁繍浣滅殑鐨�眰鍖哄煙浼氭瀯鎴愬眰绾х粨鏋勩€傛暣涓�繃绋嬩腑锛屽�鏉備换鍔¤�鍒嗚В涓哄眰灞傚祵濂楃殑瀛愪换鍔★紝鐩村埌鑴婇珦灞傞潰瀵硅倢鑲夌殑姣��绾ф帶鍒躲€傝繖灏辨槸鑴婇珦鐜�矾鐨勫伐浣滃師鐞嗐€傞殢鐫€涓嶅悓鍖哄煙鐨勫眰绾ч€掑�锛屽瓙浠诲姟琚�€愬眰瀹炵幇锛岃繘鑰屽悜鏇撮珮灞傜骇缈昏浆锛岃繘鍏ヤ笅涓€涓�洰鏍囥€�
鈻峰墠棰濆彾鐨�眰銆傚浘婧愶細flintrehab.com
淇濈綏锛氳繖绉嶇洰鏍囧簭鍒楃紪绋嬫満鍒朵粠浣曡€屾潵锛�
鎷夋澃浠€锛氬�鐩�爣杩涜�缂栫▼鏄�€氳繃鈥滃�涔犫€濆疄鐜扮殑锛屼汉宸ユ櫤鑳介�鍩熷皢涔嬬О浣滆�绋嬪�涔狅紙curriculum learning锛夈€傛垜浠�汉绫诲湪鍑虹敓鍚� 锛岀敋鑷冲湪姣嶄翰鐨勫瓙瀹�腑鏃讹紝灏卞紑濮嬪�涔犺繖浜涙ā鍧椼€備粠鑳庡効鏈熺殑鑲�綋杩愬姩灏濊瘯锛屽埌骞煎効鏈熺殑鎶撳彇缁冧範锛屾垜浠�€愭�绉�疮鍔ㄤ綔鍩哄厓搴撱€傜畝鍗曟妧鑳界粍鍚堟垚澶嶆潅鑳藉姏銆傚墠棰濆彾鐨勬娊璞＄洰鏍囧缓鏋勶紝姝ｆ槸鍩轰簬杩欎簺搴曞眰杩愬姩鍘熻�鐨勪赴瀵屽偍澶囥€�
淇濈綏锛氭垜鎯虫垜浠�兘鏈夎繃鐗瑰畾鐩�爣瀹屾垚涔嬪悗鐨勮糠鑼�紝杩欑�鎰熻�浼氭寔缁�埌涓嬩竴涓�洰鏍囩殑鍑虹幇銆備笉鍚岀洰鏍囦箣闂存槸濡備綍杞�崲鐨勫憿锛熷墠棰濆彾鐨�眰濡備綍鍙備笌鍏朵腑锛�
鎷夋澃浠€锛氬湪褰撳墠鐨勬ā鍨嬩腑锛屼綘棣栧厛瑕佹湁涓€涓�珮灞傜骇鐨勭洰鏍囷紝骞跺皢涔嬪悜涓嬪垎瑙ｏ紝闅忕潃鍦ㄦ瘡涓�洿楂樺眰娆＄殑鎶借薄鍔ㄤ綔鎴栫瓥鐣ヤ腑鍚戜笅寤朵几锛屽畠浼氬湪杈冧綆灞傛�鐢熸垚涓€涓�嚱鏁般€傝�鍑芥暟鐨勮緭鍑哄熀鏈�笂鏄�姸鎬佸埌鍔ㄤ綔鐨勬槧灏勩€傜劧鍚庯紝姣忎釜瀹為檯鐨勮�鍔ㄩ兘鏄�彟涓€涓�娊璞¤�鍔ㄧ殑瀛愮洰鏍囷紝瀵逛簬鏇翠綆绾х殑鐘舵€佽€岃█锛岃繖涓€瀹為檯琛屽姩鍙堟槸涓€涓�渶瑕佺户缁�垎瑙ｇ殑鎶借薄琛屽姩銆傛娊璞¤�鍔ㄤ細涓嶆柇鍒嗚В涓嬪幓锛岀洿鍒拌剨楂撱€傝繖鎰忓懗鐫€澶ц剳鐨勪笉鍚屽眰绾у湪澶嶅埗鐩稿悓鐨勬ā鍧椼€傝繖浼间箮鍗拌瘉浜嗚挋鍗℃柉鐗瑰皵鐨勬兂娉曪細澶ц剳鐨�眰涓�湁绫讳技鐨勪笢瑗匡紝涓嶅悓鐨勫ぇ鑴戠毊灞傚尯鍩熺殑绠楁硶鍙�兘鏄�浉浼肩殑銆�
杩欑�鎯虫硶瀵逛簬涓€鍚嶇悊璁哄�鑰岃█鏈変笉鍙�姉鎷掔殑璇辨儜鍔涖€傚綋鍓嶇殑鏍稿績鎸戞垬鍦ㄤ簬锛氳兘鍚﹀湪璁＄畻绉戝�妗嗘灦涓嬫瀯寤轰笌涔嬬瓑鏁堢殑鏁板�妯″瀷锛熷敖绠″皻鏃犳硶纭�瘉澶ц剳鏄�惁鐪熷疄瀛樺湪姝ょ被鐢熺墿鏈哄埗锛屼絾杩欏苟涓嶅Θ纰嶆垜浠�繘琛岀悊璁哄缓妯＄殑鎺㈢储銆傚€煎緱娉ㄦ剰鐨勬槸锛屼富鍔ㄩ�娴嬬紪鐮佺悊璁哄睍鐜板嚭璺ㄩ棶棰樺煙鐨勫簲鐢ㄦ綔鍔涳紝鐒惰€岃�鏈哄埗涓庣�缁忕敓鐗╃郴缁熺殑瀹為檯杩愪綔妯″紡涔嬮棿鐨勫�搴斿叧绯伙紝浠嶉渶閫氳繃璺ㄥ�绉戝疄楠岃繘琛岀郴缁熸€ч獙璇併€�
鎴戞墍鐩镐俊鐨勬槸涓€绉嶆洿涓哄箍娉涚殑瑙傜偣锛屽嵆涓嶅悓鐨�眰鍖哄煙鐨勫尯鍒嗕笉鏄�緷闈犲叾鍔熻兘锛岃€屾槸鍦ㄤ簬瀹冧滑涓庝粈涔堝尯鍩熺浉鑱旂郴銆傚疄闄呮儏鍐靛苟闈炲�浼犵粺鐨勮�鐐规墍璁や负鐨勶紝涓嶅悓鐨�眰鍖哄煙鏈夌潃鎴�劧涓嶅悓鐨勭紪鐮佹柟寮忥紝鏈変簺浜哄彲鑳借�寰楄�瑙夌毊灞傚湪杩涜�杈圭紭妫€娴嬶紝鑰屽惉瑙夌毊灞備笉鍙�兘杩涜�杈圭紭妫€娴嬶紝杩愬姩鐨�眰鍒欐洿涓嶇浉鍚屻€傜劧鑰岋紝浠庢劅瑙夊拰杩愬姩鐨勮�搴︽潵鎬濊€冿紝灏变細鍙戠幇涓嶅悓鍖哄煙鎬绘槸鍚屾椂鍖呭惈鐫€浜岃€咃紝鍙�槸鍦ㄦ煇浜涘尯鍩燂紝鎰熻�鎴栬繍鍔ㄨ�鐫€閲嶅己璋冿紝浣嗗畠浠�粛鐒跺叿鏈夋劅瑙夋帹鐞嗗拰杩愬姩鎺у埗鐨勫熀鏈�師鐞嗭紝鑰屼笖鍦ㄥ�涓�眰闈�笂鍏卞悓杩愪綔銆�
04 澧炲己鎶€鏈�笌鑴戞満鎺ュ彛
淇濈綏锛氶壌浜庝綘鍒氭墠鐨勬弿杩帮紝鍓嶉�鍙剁毊灞備腑鏈夋洿楂樺眰娆°€佹洿鎶借薄鐨勭洰鏍囷紝杩欎竴鐩�爣鍦ㄦ洿浣庣殑灞傛�涓婂疄鐜般€備粠婕斿寲鐨勮�瑙掓潵鐪嬶紝浜虹被鐨勪笅涓€姝ヤ細璧板悜浣曞�锛熸垜浠�細鍙樺緱鏇村姞鎶借薄鍚楋紵婕斿寲鐨勪笅涓€涓�噷绋嬬�鏄�粈涔堬紵
鎷夋澃浠€锛氬湪棰勬祴杩欐柟闈�紝浜虹被鎬绘槸鍙樼幇寰堝樊锛屾垜浠��鏈�潵鍙戝睍澶у姞鐚滄祴锛屼絾鍘嗗彶璇佹槑鎴戜滑鎬绘槸鐚滈敊銆�
璇濊�鍥炴潵锛岃嚦灏戝氨浜虹被杩涘寲鑰岃█锛屼粠鐢熺墿瀛︾殑瑙掑害鏉ョ湅锛屾垜浠�彲鑳戒笉浼氬�鍔犳柊鐨勫ぇ鑴戠毊灞傚尯鍩熸垨鏂扮殑澶ц剳缁撴瀯锛屼絾鍦ㄤ娇鐢ㄥ伐鍏枫€佹枃鍖栫煡璇嗗拰宸ュ叿鏂归潰锛屾垜浠�‘瀹炲彇寰椾簡鎯婁汉鐨勮繘姝ャ€備粠浜虹被鑷�垜澧炲己鐨勮�搴︽潵鎬濊€冿紝浜虹被鏈€鍒濆埄鐢ㄧ煶澶寸瓑宸ュ叿鏉ヨ嚜鎴戝�寮猴紝鎴戜滑杩樹娇鐢ㄨ疆瀛愭潵鎻愰珮绉诲姩閫熷害锛屾渶杩戞垜浠�兘澶熺敤椋炴満椋炶�銆備笌姝ょ被浼硷紝鐢变簬璁板繂瀹归噺鐨勫眬闄愭€э紝鎴戜滑浣跨敤涔﹀啓鍜岃�瑷€灏嗕簨鎯呰�褰曚笅鏉ャ€�
濡傛灉杩欎簺閮藉睘浜庡伐鍏蜂娇鐢�紝閭ｄ箞鎴戜滑褰撶劧鍙�互鍊熷姪褰撳墠宸叉湁鐨勮�澶囧�寮虹煡璇嗗拰淇℃伅鑾峰彇鑳藉姏銆傝剳鏈烘帴鍙ｆ垨璁稿氨鏄�埄鐢ㄥ綋鍓嶇殑璁惧�杩涜�鑷�垜澧炲己銆傚�鏋滃ぇ鑴戞湰韬�湪鐢熺墿瀛︿笂鐨勮繍琛岄€熷害鍜岃�蹇嗚兘鍔涙槸鏈夐檺鐨勶紝閭ｄ箞鐢ㄤ汉宸ヨ�蹇嗐€佷汉宸ュ�鐞嗚兘鍔涘拰浜哄伐閫氫俊鑳藉姏灏辫兘琛ヨ冻杩欑�涓嶈冻銆備絾杩欎細娑夊強寰堝�浼︾悊闂��锛屽ぇ澶氭暟瀛﹁€呬笉鎯宠繃澶氭秹鍙婅繖涓€棰嗗煙銆�
淇濈綏锛氫綘鏄��浣曞皢浼︾悊鑰冮噺铻嶅叆鐮旂┒涓�殑锛�
鎷夋澃浠€锛氭垜鏄�竴涓��缁忔妧鏈�腑蹇冪殑鍚堜綔棰嗗�浜猴紝鎴戜滑涓�績鏈変竴涓��缁忎鸡鐞嗗�鍥㈤槦銆傛瘡涓�紑鍙戣剳鏈烘帴鍙ｅ簲鐢ㄧ殑宸ョ▼鍥㈤槦涓�兘鏈変竴鍚嶄鸡鐞嗗�瀹讹紝璐熻矗鍚戜粬浠�Н鏋佸弽棣堟渶缁堢敤鎴蜂細濡備綍鐪嬪緟杩欎釜椤圭洰浠ュ強椤圭洰鐨勯暱鏈熷奖鍝嶃€備綔涓哄伐绋嬪笀锛屾垜浠��寤洪€犱紵澶ф垨鏂伴�鐨勪簨鐗╂劅鍒板叴濂嬶紝浣嗘垜浠�苟涓嶈兘鍍忚�缁冩湁绱犵殑浼︾悊瀛﹀�閭ｆ牱棰勮�鍚庢灉銆�
寰堝�鏃跺€欙紝浣跨敤璁惧�鐨勬偅鑰呬笉鑳芥彁渚涙槑纭�殑鎻忚堪锛岃繖鏃跺€欎鸡鐞嗗�瀹剁殑璁胯皥灏辨湁蹇呰�銆傛偅鑰呭彲鑳戒細璇磋嚜宸卞け鍘讳簡涓昏�鑳藉姩鎬э紝鎴栨偅鑰呯殑瀹跺睘鎶ュ憡璇存偅鑰呮€ф儏澶у彉銆傝揩鍦ㄧ湁鐫�殑浠诲姟灏辨槸濡備綍闃绘柇杩欑�鍙樺寲锛岃�鎮ｈ€呴噸鎷捐兘鍔ㄦ€с€傞€氳繃浼︾悊瀛﹀�鏉ユ壘鍒拌繖浜涢棶棰樼殑绛旀�锛岃兘甯�垜浠�湪闂��鍙樺緱鏇寸碂绯曚箣鍓嶆壘鍒板叾瑙ｅ喅鏂规硶銆傚線寰€杩欐槸鎶€鏈�晢涓氬寲涔嬪墠浜熼渶瑙ｅ喅鐨勯棶棰樸€�
淇濈綏锛氳繖鍦ㄥ�鏈�爺绌朵腑涔熸槸鎮�€屾湭鍐崇殑闂��銆傚�鏋滄垜鍦ㄥぇ鑴戦噷鍔犲叆鑴戞満鎺ュ彛鎴栨煇绉嶅亣鑲㈠悗鎬ф儏澶у彉锛岄偅涔堣繖鍒板簳鏄�亣鑲㈢殑閿欙紝杩樻槸鎴戣嚜宸辩殑閿欙紵璋佽�涓烘�璐熻矗锛�
鎷夋澃浠€锛氳繖浜涗竴鐩翠互鏉ラ兘鏄�簤璁轰笉浼戠殑闂��锛岃剳鏈烘帴鍙ｅ拰浜哄伐鏅鸿兘璁╄繖浜涢棶棰樺彉寰楁洿鍔犳�鎵嬨€�
05 绁炵粡鍗忓悓澶勭悊鍣�
淇濈綏锛氫綘褰撳墠鍦ㄥ仛鐨勬槸绁炵粡鍗忓悓澶勭悊鍣ㄣ€傚彲浠ョ畝鍗曚粙缁嶄竴涓嬬浉鍏崇殑鐮旂┒鍚楋紵
鎷夋澃浠€锛氭垜璁や负锛屽綋鍓嶈皥璁鸿剳缃戠粶锛屽嵆鑴戜笌鑴戜箣闂寸殑鐩存帴浜ゆ祦锛岃繕涓烘椂灏氭棭銆備絾濡傛灉鎴戜滑鎺ュ彈杩欎釜鎸戞垬锛屽氨搴斿綋妫€瑙嗗綋鍓嶇殑鎶€鏈�兘鍋氫粈涔� 锛屼互姝ゆ潵淇冭繘鑴戝�鑴戜氦娴佺殑鍙戝睍銆傝剳鐢靛浘鎴栬�鏄�緢濂界殑寮€濮嬨€�
鑴戠數鍥惧彲浠ョ敤鏉ヨВ鐮佷竴浜涚畝鍗曠殑淇℃伅锛屼緥濡傦紝褰撲綘鐪嬬潃涓€涓�棯鍏夌伅鈥斺€旀垜浠�О涔嬩负绋虫€佽�瑙夎�鍙戠數浣嶁€斺€斿€熷姪鑴戠數鍥惧彲浠ヨВ鐮佷綘鐩�潃瀹冪湅鐨勯�鐜囥€傚�鏋滀綘鐩�潃涓ょ洀涓嶅悓鐨勯棯鍏夌伅锛屽叾涓�竴鐩忎細瑙﹀彂浣犺�瑙夌毊灞傜殑鎸�崱锛屾垜浠�氨鑳戒粠涓�В鐮佷綘鐨勬剰鍥撅紱濡傛灉浣犳�鍦ㄦ兂璞″仛鏌愪釜鍔ㄤ綔锛屾瘮濡傜Щ鍔ㄤ綘鐨勬墜锛岃剳鐢靛浘灏辫兘浠庤繍鍔ㄧ毊灞備腑瑙ｇ爜鍑鸿繖涓€鎰忓浘銆傛�澶栵紝鎴戜滑杩樺彲浠ョ敤缁忛�纾佸埡婵€鐩存帴鍚戝ぇ鑴戜紶閫掍俊鎭�€�
淇濈綏锛氱粡棰呯�鍒烘縺灏卞儚鏄�湪澶ц剳澶栧姞浜嗕竴涓�嚎鍦堬紝鐒跺悗瀵瑰噯澶ц剳鐨勪竴灏忛儴鍒嗗彂鍑洪潪渚靛叆鎬х殑銆佹棤鎹熶激鐨勮剦鍐层€傝繖浜涜剦鍐插彲鑳戒細褰卞搷鍘熸湁鐨勬€濈淮鎴栬�涓恒€�
鎷夋澃浠€锛氱壒鍒�槸褰撹剦鍐茶�閫佸埌瑙嗚�鐨�眰鏃讹紝浣犱細鐪嬪埌绫讳技浜庡皬鍏夌偣鎴栨潯鐘剁墿鐨勯棯鍏夛紝涔熷氨鏄�厜骞昏�銆傛垜浠�仛浜嗕竴浜涙�蹇甸獙璇侊紝骞跺彂琛ㄤ簡鍑犵瘒璁烘枃锛屼絾骞朵笉鎰忓懗鐫€鍙�互灏嗚繖椤规妧鏈�晢涓氬寲锛岃繖浜涜�澶囧お绗ㄩ噸浜嗐€傜劧鑰岋紝濡傛灉鑳藉�鍦ㄤ笉鍚岀殑浜鸿韩涓婅繛鎺ヨ剳鐢靛浘涓庣粡棰呯�鍒烘縺锛屽畠浠�氨鑳藉埡婵€澶ц剳骞惰�褰曞ぇ鑴戠殑淇℃伅锛岃繖灏卞舰鎴愪簡鍙屽悜鑴戞満鎺ュ彛銆傛垜浠�彲浠ヤ粠涓€涓�ぇ鑴戣�褰曚俊鎭�紝缁忚В鐮佺紪鐮佸悗浼犻€掔粰鍙︿竴涓�ぇ鑴戯紝骞跺疄鐜扮湡姝ｆ剰涔変笂鐨勮剳闄呴€氫俊绯荤粺銆傝繖灏辨槸鎴戜滑鎵€璇寸殑鈥滃�寮衡€濄€傜幇鍦�紝鎴戜滑鍒╃敤绁炵粡鎶€鏈�潵澧炲己浜鸿剳鐨勪氦娴佸拰澶勭悊淇℃伅鐨勮兘鍔涖€�
鈻峰浘锛氥€婇粦瀹㈠笣鍥姐€嬪墽鐓с€傚墽涓��鏈�潵鑴戞満鎺ュ彛鍜岃剳闄呴€氳�鎶€鏈�殑鐣呮兂锛屽嵆渚垮埌浠婂ぉ涔熸憚浜哄績绁炪€傗€滀綘鏄�€夋嫨绾㈣壊鑽�父锛岃繕鏄�€夋嫨钃濊壊鑽�父锛熲€濆浘婧愶細銆婇粦瀹㈠笣鍥姐€�
淇濈綏锛氭垜浠�綋鍓嶅彂灞曞埌浜嗕粈涔堥樁娈碉紵鏈�潵浜虹被浼氭槸鎬庢牱鐨勶紵
鎷夋澃浠€锛氭垜璁や负锛屼粠鏌愮�鎰忎箟涓婅�锛屽綋鍓嶆�鍦ㄥ仛鐨勬槸绁炵粡鍗忓悓澶勭悊鍣ㄣ€備篃灏辨槸璇达紝涓€绉嶈�澶囧彲浣滀负澶ц剳鐨勮緟鍔╁伐鍏凤紝鏃㈣兘瑙ｇ爜鏉ヨ嚜澶ц剳鐨勪俊鎭�紝鍙堣兘灏嗕俊鎭�紪鐮佷紶鍥炲ぇ鑴戙€�
淇濈綏锛氳繖鎰忓懗鐫€瀹冨湪鑱嗗惉澶ц剳鐨勫０闊筹紝鐒跺悗鎸夌収绠楁硶瀵瑰叾杩涜�缂栫爜骞跺皢澶ц剳鐨勫唴瀹硅繘琛屽垎绫汇€傝繖鏄�竴涓�俊鍙蜂紶閫掕繃绋嬶紝杩樻槸璇村畠鑳界悊瑙ｄ俊鍙凤紵
鎷夋澃浠€锛氬ぇ鑴戝崗鍚屽�鐞嗗櫒蹇呴』鍐呯疆鏌愮�褰㈠紡鐨勪汉宸ユ櫤鑳姐€傛垜浠�彁鍑虹殑绁炵粡鍗忓悓澶勭悊鍣ㄦ槸涓€涓�汉宸ョ�缁忕綉缁溿€傝繖鏈�川涓婃槸鐢熺墿绁炵粡缃戠粶涓庝汉宸ョ�缁忕綉缁滅殑浜や簰绯荤粺锛屼袱鑰呴渶瑕佸崗鍚岄€傚簲銆傚綋鍓嶉潰涓寸殑鎸戞垬鏄�紝瀹冧滑濡備綍鍏卞悓閫傚簲浠ョ湡姝ｅ疄鐜扮洰鏍囷紵
浠庡尰瀛﹁�瑙掓潵鐪嬶紝濡傛灉鎯宠�鏇夸唬澶卞幓鐨勫姛鑳斤紝姣斿�鏈変汉涓��浜嗭紝浣犳兂璁╀粬鎭㈠�杩愬姩鍔熻兘锛岄偅涔堣繖涓��澶囧氨鍙�互閫氳繃鍒烘縺鑴婇珦鏇夸唬鍙楁崯鐨勭毊灞傚姛鑳姐€傛�鏃讹紝浜哄伐鏅鸿兘闇€瑕佽嚜鎴戣�缁冿紝鍚屾椂鎮ｈ€呬篃闇€瀛︿範鎺у埗杩欎釜鏇夸唬鍥炶矾銆傝繖閲屾湁涓€涓�牳蹇冪殑浜哄伐鏅鸿兘闂��锛屽�浣曠‘淇濅汉鑴戜笌杩欑�浜哄伐璁惧�鑳藉�瀹炵幇鍏卞悓鐨勭洰鏍囷紵渚嬪�锛屽綋鎮ｈ€呮棤娉曡嚜涓绘姄鍙栫墿浣撴椂锛岃�澶囬€氳繃瑙嗚�璇�樊淇″彿锛堝�鐩�爣鐗╀綅缃�亸宸�級瑙﹀彂鑴婇珦鍒烘縺銆傜悊璁轰笂鍙�噰鐢ㄥ弽鍚戜紶鎾�畻娉曡�缁冧汉宸ユ櫤鑳解€斺€斾絾闅剧偣鍦ㄤ簬鍙嶅悜浼犳挱闇€閫氳繃鎮ｈ€呰韩浣撳拰澶ц剳瀹屾垚锛岃繖鏄剧劧涓嶇�鍚堜紶缁熶汉宸ユ櫤鑳借�缁冭寖寮忋€�
鍦ㄧ悊鎯虫儏鍐典笅锛屽�鏋滀綘鎯宠�缁冩彁渚涘埡婵€鐨勭�缁忕綉缁滐紝灏卞繀椤讳互鏌愮�鏂瑰紡鑾峰緱璇�樊淇″彿銆備笉骞哥殑鏄�紝璇�樊淇″彿鐜板湪澶勪簬澶栭儴浠诲姟绌洪棿涓�€備负浜嗚兘澶熷畬鎴愯繖涓€浠诲姟锛屼汉宸ユ櫤鑳介渶瑕佷竴涓�唴閮ㄦā鍨嬶紝鎴栬€呰�鍓嶅悜妯″瀷銆備綘鐨勫ぇ鑴戝氨鏄�繖鏍蜂竴涓�墠鍚戞ā鍨嬨€傛帴涓嬫潵瀵瑰畠杩涜�鍒烘縺锛屼細瀵艰嚧浣犵殑澶ц剳鍔ㄥ姏瀛︿互鐗瑰畾鏂瑰紡杩愬姩锛屽�鏋滀綘鑳介�娴嬭繖绉嶅姩鎬佸彉鍖栵紝灏辫兘鎯冲嚭瀹炵幇鐗瑰畾鐩�爣鐨勬渶浣冲埡婵€鏂瑰紡锛屼娇鍏跺彉鎴愪簡涓€涓�帶鍒堕棶棰樸€�
淇濈綏锛氫綔涓虹�缁忕�瀛﹀�锛屾垜鎯冲ぇ鑴戞渶绁炲�鐨勫湴鏂逛箣涓€灏辨槸瀹冪殑閫傚簲鑳藉姏寰堝己銆傞偅涔堝ぇ鑴戜細杩涜�閿欒�鐨勫�涔犲悧锛熻繖涓€鐐瑰彲浠ユ�楠屽悧锛�
鎷夋澃浠€锛氳繖瀹為檯涓婃槸涓€涓�潪甯搁噸瑕佺殑闂��锛屽挨鍏舵槸鍦ㄦ劅瑙夊埡婵€棰嗗煙銆備緥濡傦紝浜轰滑璇曞浘閫氳繃浜哄伐鍒烘縺韬�綋鎰熻�鐨�眰鎭㈠�瑙﹁�銆傛垜浠�槸鍚﹀簲璇ヨ�鍒烘縺灏藉彲鑳借嚜鐒讹紵褰撲綘鍒烘縺韬�綋鎰熻�鐨�眰鏃讹紝鐥呬汉閫氬父浼氳�锛屾垜鎰熻�杩欎笌鎴戠敤鑷�繁鐨勬墜瑙︽懜鏃朵骇鐢熺殑瑙﹁�鎰熷彈涓嶄竴鏍枫€傛湁鏃跺€欑爺绌惰€呬細璇达紝浣犲彧鏄�繕涓嶄範鎯�€傚�鏋滀綘鐨勫ぇ鑴戜竴鐩存帴鏀惰繖浜涙柊濂囩殑淇″彿锛屽畠浠�氨浼氭垚涓轰竴绉嶈嚜鐒惰Е瑙夈€�
淇濈綏锛氳繖灏卞儚璁�粌锛屽氨鍍忔垜璇曞浘璇存湇鎴戠殑瀛╁瓙浠�細鈥滃埆鎷呭績锛岀户缁�粌涔狅紝浼氳秺鏉ヨ秺瀹规槗鐨勨€濄€備絾杩欎釜杩囩▼寰堢棝鑻︺€�
鎷夋澃浠€锛氭槸鐨勩€傜棝鑻︽劅鍦ㄦ�璧风潃鍏抽敭浣滅敤锛屽洜涓哄�鏋滀綘鏈�兘浼犻€�"鑷�劧鍖栧埡婵€"锛屽�涔犺繃绋嬪彲鑳藉彉寰楀紓甯告极闀裤€傝繖閲屽瓨鍦ㄦ潈琛★細鑻ヨ兘浠ユ煇绉嶆柟寮忎娇鐢ㄥぇ鑴戠殑"璇�█"鈥斺€斿嵆閫氳繃鐢靛埡婵€銆佸厜鍒烘縺绛夋柟寮忎紶閫掕剦鍐诧紝浣垮叾鏇存槗琚�ぇ鑴戣В鏋愨€斺€旂浉杈冧簬浜哄伐鑴夊啿闆嗗紡鐨勫埡婵€锛屽�涔犻€熷害鍙�兘澶у箙鎻愬崌銆傛垜璁や负杩欐槸涓�€煎緱鎺㈣�鐨勯棶棰樸€�
淇濈綏锛氶偅涔堬紝杩欎簺鍒烘縺鏇村儚鏄�櫔闊筹紝杩樻槸涓栫晫鐨勮嚜鐒剁粺璁★紵
鎷夋澃浠€锛氳繖瑕佸弬鑰冪壒瀹氬尯鍩熺殑绁炵粡鍏冧粠鍏朵粬绁炵粡鍏冩帴鏀朵俊鎭�殑鏂瑰紡銆備緥濡傦紝濡傛灉宸茬煡鍦ㄧ兢浣撴按骞充笂瀛樺湪鐗瑰畾棰戠巼鐨勬椿鍔ㄦā寮忥紙濡偽查�娈垫尟鑽★級锛屽氨鍙�互鑰冭檻鍦ㄦ尟鑽＄殑鐗瑰畾鐩镐綅鏂藉姞鍒烘縺锛屾垨灏濊瘯涓庤繖绉嶆尟鑽″悓姝ャ€傝繖鍙�兘姣斾笉鑰冭檻鑴戝尯褰撳墠鐘舵€侀殢鎰忔柦鍔犲埡婵€鏇存湁鏁堛€傚叧閿�湪浜庡繀椤诲悓鏃惰繘琛岃�褰曞拰鍒烘縺銆備笉鑳藉彧鏄�埡婵€鑴戝尯锛岃繕蹇呴』閫氳繃璁板綍浜嗚В璇ヨ剳鍖烘�鍦ㄥ彂鐢熶粈涔堬紝鐒跺悗鏍规嵁瀹炴椂鎯呭喌璋冩暣鍒烘縺鍙傛暟锛屼互鎸佺画浼犻€掑彲鐞嗚В鐨勫埡婵€淇″彿銆�
淇濈綏锛氫綘鍒氭墠鎻愬埌闇€瑕佷互涓€绉嶇壒瀹氳剳鍖烘湡寰呯殑鏂瑰紡杈撳叆鍒烘縺锛岃繖鏄�竴绉嶉潪甯稿叿鏈夐�娴嬬紪鐮佹剰鍛崇殑鎯虫硶銆�
鎷夋澃浠€锛氭槸鐨勶紝杩欐槸涓€绉嶈�澶ц剳鏇村揩瀛︿範鐨勬柟娉曘€備綘鍙�互蹇借�澶ц剳鐨勫弽搴旓紝鍙�槸涓嶅仠鍦拌緭鍏ワ紝澶ц剳鏈€缁堝彲鑳戒細鐞嗚В杩欑�鍒烘縺妯″紡銆傞棶棰樻槸锛岃繖涓�繃绋嬪彲鑳介潪甯告极闀裤€傚洜姝わ紝鍦ㄦ彁渚涘埡婵€鐨勮繃绋嬩腑锛屽�澶ц剳鍖哄煙鍙戠敓鐨勬儏鍐佃繘琛屽弽棣堟槸鏈夋剰涔夌殑銆�
淇濈綏锛氬簲褰撳�浣曠爺绌跺ぇ鑴戜笌杩欎釜鍚戝ぇ鑴戣緭鍏ヤ俊鎭�殑澶栭儴璁惧�涔嬮棿鐨勭浉浜掍綔鐢ㄥ憿锛�
鎷夋澃浠€锛氱�缁忓崗鍚屽�鐞嗗櫒鏄�В鍐宠繖涓�棶棰樼殑涓€绉嶆柟娉曪紝鍗冲�鏋滀綘鑳藉�璋冩暣鎻愪緵鍒烘縺鐨勭�缁忕綉缁滐紝浣垮�閮ㄤ换鍔＄┖闂翠腑鐨勮�宸�渶灏忓寲锛岄偅涔堜綘灏辫兘鍑忚交澶ц剳鐨勫�涔犺礋鎷呫€傝繖涓嶆槸涓€涓�ǔ鎬佺郴缁燂紝鎴戜滑绉板叾涓衡€滃叡閫傚簲绯荤粺鈥濄€傚�鏋滃彧鏈夊崟鏂瑰叿鏈夐€傚簲鎬э紙濡傚ぇ鑴戣嚜閫傚簲鑰屽埡婵€妯″紡鍥哄畾锛夛紝瀛︿範鍘嬪姏灏嗗畬鍏ㄧ敱澶ц剳鎵挎媴銆傝嫢鍙屾柟閮藉叿澶囬€傚簲鑳藉姏锛屽垯鎸戞垬鍦ㄤ簬鑳藉惁浣夸袱鑰呬紭鍖栫浉鍚岀殑鎴愭湰鍑芥暟鎴栫洰鏍囧嚱鏁扳€斺€旇繖姝ｆ槸鏋勫缓鍗忓悓閫傚簲銆佸叡鍚岃繘鍖栫郴缁熺殑鏍稿績宸ョ▼闅鹃�锛屼篃鏄�湭鏉ヤ汉宸ユ櫤鑳戒笌鑴戞満鎺ュ彛涓€璧峰彂灞曠殑鍙�兘鏂瑰悜銆�
淇濈綏锛氬湪绁炵粡鍗忓悓澶勭悊鍣ㄦ柟闈�紝浣犺繕鏈変粈涔堥渶瑕佽ˉ鍏呯殑鍚楋紵
鎷夋澃浠€锛氱�缁忓崗鍚屽�鐞嗗櫒鐨勬兂娉曚笌鎴戜滑鏃╂湡鍋氱殑鑴戝�鑴戜氦娴佸伐浣滄湁鍏炽€傜粡棰呯�鍒烘縺骞朵笉鏄�竴涓�叏鏂扮殑鎯虫硶銆傛垜浠�殑鐪熷疄鎯虫硶鏄�紝绉戝够灏忚�涓�叧浜庡績鐏垫劅搴旂殑璁ㄨ�鐢辨潵宸蹭箙锛岄殢鐫€鐢熺墿璇嗗埆鎶€鏈�笉鏂�繘姝ワ紝瓒婃潵瓒婂�鐨勫叕鍙稿�鍏朵骇鐢熶簡鍏磋叮锛岀幇鍦ㄤ篃璁稿彲浠ュ皾璇曞皢涔嬪甫鍏ョ幇瀹炪€傛湁瓒ｇ殑鏄�紝濡傛灉鍦ㄥ�鍚嶆偅鑰呰韩涓婃�鍏ヨ剳鏈烘帴鍙ｏ紝鍙�兘鐪熺殑浼氬嚭鐜伴潪甯稿師濮嬬殑鑴戝�鑴戜氦娴併€傚洜涓哄彧瑕佷綘鏈夎兘鍔涜繘琛屽埡婵€锛屽氨鍙�互鎶婇潪甯哥畝鍗曠殑淇℃伅浠庝竴涓�汉鐨勫ぇ鑴戜紶閫佸埌鍙︿竴涓�汉鐨勫ぇ鑴戙€備竴鏃﹁繖琚�瘉鏄庡彲琛岋紝鎴戜滑灏卞悜瀹炵幇蹇冪伒鎰熷簲杩堝嚭浜嗕竴姝ャ€�
06 澶ц�瑷€妯″瀷鐨勫緱涓庡け
淇濈綏锛氬綋鍓嶄汉浠�細鍩轰簬鐗瑰畾鐨勪汉宸ユ櫤鑳芥ā鍨嬪亣璁惧ぇ鑴戝氨鏄��姝よ繍浣滅殑锛岀劧鍚庡皢鐩�墠姝ｅ湪杩愯�鐨勪汉宸ユ櫤鑳芥ā鍨嬫槧灏勫埌澶ц剳杩囩▼涓�紝骞剁粡甯稿彂鎸ヤ綔鐢ㄣ€傝繖鏄�惁褰卞搷浜嗕綘瀵瑰ぇ璇�█妯″瀷鐨勬€濊€冿紵
鎷夋澃浠€锛氭槸鐨勶紝褰撶浉鍏宠�鏂囧彂琛ㄧ殑鏃跺€欙紝鎴戣�娣辨繁鍚稿紩浣忎簡銆傚叾鏍稿績鎬濇兂灏辨槸棰勬祴缂栫爜锛屽彧鏄�粬浠�病鏈夊埄鐢ㄩ�娴嬭�宸�繘琛屾帹鐞嗭紝鍐呴儴琛ㄥ緛涔熸病鏈夋洿鏂帮紝浣嗗�涔犳樉鐒舵槸鐢遍�娴嬭�宸�┍鍔ㄧ殑銆傚叾鍒嗗眰鏋舵瀯鍚屾牱寮曚汉娉ㄧ洰鈥斺€旈€氳繃杞�敞鎰忓姏灞傞€愭�鏋勫缓鍔ㄦ€佽〃寰佲€斺€旀瘡涓�椂闂存�閮藉皢琛ㄥ緛浼犻€掕嚦鎵€鏈夊眰绾э紝瑙勬ā鏋佸叾搴炲ぇ銆傝繖绉嶇函鍩轰簬棰勬祴鐨勪汉宸ョ郴缁熶粎閫氳繃棰勬祴涓嬩釜璇嶈�灏辫兘瀹炵幇濡傛�鎴愬氨锛屽疄鍦ㄤ护浜虹潃杩枫€傚畠鐢氳嚦娌℃湁寰�幆鍙嶉�缁撴瀯锛屼篃灏辨槸璇达紝杩欎笉鏄�竴涓�洖褰掓ā鍨嬶紙regressive model锛夈€傚疄闄呬笂锛屽畠鍚屾椂澶勭悊杩囧幓涓庢湭鏉ョ殑淇℃伅銆傝繖涓庡湪涓诲姩棰勬祴缂栫爜妯″瀷鐨勬劅瑙夋柟闈㈢被浼硷紝鎰熻�澶勭悊妯″潡鎸佺画鍩轰簬鍏堝墠鐘舵€侀�娴嬫湭鏉ワ紝浣嗙己澶卞姩浣滅敓鎴愭ā鍧椼€�
鍦ㄤ富鍔ㄩ�娴嬬紪鐮佹灦鏋勪腑锛岄櫎棰勬祴缃戠粶涔嬪�锛岃繕鏈変竴涓�瓥鐣ョ綉缁滐紙鎴栨帶鍒剁綉缁滐級鎺у埗鐫€涓嬩竴涓�緭鍏ョ殑鐢熸垚锛屼簩鑰呭瘑鍒囦簰鍔ㄣ€傛牴鎹�换鍔＄殑涓嶅悓 锛屾帶鍒剁綉缁滀細鍚戦�娴嬬綉缁滄彁渚涜�鍔ㄤ俊鎭�紝杩欐�鏄疶ransformer涓�墍缂哄け鐨勩€傝繎鏈熷皢寮哄寲瀛︿範寮曞叆Transformer鐨勫皾璇曪紝鍙��涓烘帶鍒跺櫒鐨勫洖褰掋€傛洿鍊煎緱娉ㄦ剰鐨勬槸锛岀爺绌惰〃鏄嶵ransformer瀹炵幇浜嗘煇绉嶈秴缃戠粶锛坔yper networks锛夋満鍒垛€斺€旇繖姝ｆ槸鎴戜滑涓诲姩棰勬祴缂栫爜妯″瀷鐨勬牳蹇冿細楂樼骇鐨�眰閫氳繃瓒呯綉缁滆皟鎺т綆绾х毊灞傜殑鍔熻兘杩愮畻銆�
淇濈綏锛氭垜鎯充簡瑙ｄ綘瀵筎ransformer杩欎釜娣卞害瀛︿範妯″瀷鏋舵瀯鐨勭湅娉曘€�
鎷夋澃浠€锛氭垜璁や负瀹冧滑寰堟�浣嗕笉澶熷畬鍠勩€備綔涓洪�娴嬫ā鍨嬶紝鍏舵崟鎹変笘鐣岀粺璁¤�寰嬨€佺墿鐞嗗姩鎬佺殑鑳藉姏鍗撹秺锛屼絾涓嶈冻浠ユ瀯鎴愮湡姝ｇ殑鏅鸿兘銆傛�濡侾aul Cisek鍜孊uzsaki绛夊�鑰呮寚鍑虹殑锛屾櫤鑳芥湰璐ㄥ叧涔庤�鍔ㄤ笌杩愬姩銆傜己涔忔帶鍒舵ā鍧楋紙濡侰hatGPT绛塗ransformer妯″瀷涓嶅叿澶囪兘鍔ㄦ€ф劅鐭ワ級鏄�叾鏍规湰缂洪櫡銆�
淇濈綏锛氬�浣曞疄鐜拌兘鍔ㄦ€у憿锛�
鎷夋澃浠€锛氬�浜庤兘鍔ㄦ€ц€岃█锛屽繀椤婚€氳繃涓庣幆澧冧氦浜掔殑琛屽姩鑳藉姏鑾峰緱銆傛垜浠�洜鑳戒綔鐢ㄤ簬涓栫晫锛堝寘鎷�█璇�繖绉嶈繍鍔ㄨ�涓猴級鑰屽缓绔嬭兘鍔ㄦ€р€斺€旇�鍔ㄥ紩鍙戝悗鏋滐紝閫氳繃瑙傚療鍚庢灉涓庣洰鏍囪揪鎴愮殑鍏崇郴锛岄€愭�鏋勫缓"鎴戣兘鏀瑰彉涓栫晫"鐨勮�鐭ャ€傝€岀函棰勬祴鐨勭郴缁熺己涔忎互琛屽姩寮曞�棰勬祴銆佸疄鐜扮洰鏍囩殑鏈哄埗锛屽洜姝ら毦浠ュ叿澶囩湡姝ｇ殑鑳藉姩鎬с€�
淇濈綏锛氫綘璁や负鑳藉姩鎬ц兘澶熻�寤烘瀯璧锋潵鍚楋紵
鎷夋澃浠€锛氭槸鐨勶紝鎴戣�涓轰换浣曞紑濮嬩笌涓栫晫浜掑姩鐨勭郴缁燂紝鍏舵墍鍏锋湁鐨勪笌鐜��浜や簰鐨勮�鍔ㄨ兘鍔涘拰鐩�爣鐢熸垚鏈哄埗閮戒笌鑳藉姩鎬ф湁鍏炽€傝兘鍔ㄦ€ч渶瑕佺瓥鐣ユ垨鎺у埗绯荤粺锛屼互鍙婁竴涓�笌涔嬬浉鍖归厤鐨勪笘鐣屾ā鍨嬨€�
07 澶ц剳鐮旂┒鐨勬湭鏉ユ柟鍚�
淇濈綏锛氭棭浜涙椂鍊欙紝鎴戜滑鍙�兘璁板綍鍗曚釜绁炵粡鍏冪殑娲诲姩銆傚綋鏃剁殑鎶€鏈�繕涓嶈冻浠ユ祴璇曢�娴嬬紪鐮佺悊璁烘�鏋朵笅鐨勫亣璁俱€傚悗鏉ワ紝绁炵粡鍏冪殑杩炴帴缁勫�鍙戝睍璧锋潵锛岀幇鍦�紝鎴戜滑鏈変簡瓒呴珮瀵嗗害璁板綍鎶€鏈�紝绁炵粡鍏冭�褰曟妧鏈�紝闄ゆ�涔嬪�锛屾垜浠�繕鏈変汉宸ユ櫤鑳芥ā鍨嬪拰寮哄ぇ鐨勭畻鍔涖€傝繖浜涙妧鏈�獊鐮翠腑锛屼綘璁や负鍝�」鏈€鍏烽潻鍛芥€э紵
鎷夋澃浠€锛氳繖鏄�釜妫樻墜鐨勯棶棰橈紝閫夋嫨鍏朵腑涓€涓�緢鍙�兘浼氬緱缃�竴澶ф壒鍏朵粬棰嗗煙鐨勫悓琛屻€傚�鐞嗚�绁炵粡绉戝�瀹惰€岃█锛岃繖鏄�粍閲戞椂浠ｏ紝涔熸槸鎬濊€冩洿澶ц�妯＄悊璁虹殑澶уソ鏃舵満锛屾瘯绔燂紝鏈夊�姝ゅ�鐨勬暟鎹�彲渚涗娇鐢ㄣ€�
鎴戣�鐮旂┒鐢熺殑鏃跺€欙紝鍙�湁鑺掔�寰风殑涔﹀拰璁烘枃锛岃繕鏈夌�璧�拰涔斿皵路鎴寸淮鏂�紙Joel Davis锛夊啓鐨勪竴鏈�彨鍋氥€婂ぇ鑴戝ぇ瑙勬ā绁炵粡鍏冪悊璁恒€嬶紙Large-Scale Neuronal Theories of the Brain锛夌殑涔︺€傝繖浜涚悊璁哄湪褰撴椂灏卞凡缁忓瓨鍦ㄤ簡锛屽彧鏄�病鏈夋暟鎹�姞浠ラ獙璇併€傚�浠婃儏鍐垫埅鐒朵笉鍚岋細鏌愬ぉ鎴戝彲鑳芥矇娴镐簬澶ц�妯＄�缁忚�褰曟暟鎹�紝楠岃瘉棰勬祴缂栫爜鐞嗚�涓�殑灞傜骇璇�樊浼犻€掞紱娆℃棩鍒欓捇鐮旇繛鎺ョ粍瀛︼紝妫€楠岃В鍓栬繛鎺ユ槸鍚︾�鍚堢悊璁哄亣璁俱€�
褰撶劧锛屼汉宸ユ櫤鑳藉�缁堟槸鏂板垱鎰忕殑婧愭硥銆備汉宸ユ櫤鑳介�鍩熺灛鎭�竾鍙橈紝鍙�互浠庝腑鎸戦€夊嚭涓€浜涚懓瀹濓紝鐪嬬湅瀹冧滑鏄�惁涓庣悊瑙ｅぇ鑴戞湁鍏炽€傝韩澶勪俊鎭�垎鐐告椂浠ｏ紝瑕佹兂鐪熸�鍙栧緱杩涙�锛屽氨蹇呴』璁�粌澶ц剳鎴愪负楂樻晥鐨勪俊鎭�噰闆嗚€咃紝浠庢捣閲忔暟鎹�腑鏋勫缓鏂扮悊璁恒€傝櫧鐒朵换鍔¤壈宸�紝浣嗙浉姣旀暟鎹�尞涔忕殑骞翠唬宸叉槸宸ㄥぇ杩涙�銆傛垜璁や负锛岀幇鍦ㄦ槸绉�瀬鍚堜綔鐨勯樁娈碉紝璁＄畻鏈虹�瀛﹀�銆佷汉宸ユ櫤鑳戒笓瀹躲€佺�缁忕�瀛﹀�鍜屽績鐞嗗�瀹堕兘搴斿媷浜庢彁鍑哄畯澶х悊璁猴紝杩欐�鏄�獊鐮村�绉戣竟鐣岀殑鏈€浣虫椂鏈恒€�
淇濈綏锛氳繖閲屽彲鑳藉瓨鍦ㄤ竴涓�倴璁猴細褰撳伐鍏锋瀬澶т赴瀵屾椂锛屽畯瑙傜悊璁烘€濊€冨弽鑰屽彉寰楁洿鍥伴毦銆傚湪鏁版嵁娲�祦涓�紝濡備綍鍩瑰吇鐞嗚�鎬濈淮锛�
鎷夋澃浠€锛氳繖鏄�竴涓�緢濂界殑闂��銆傚�鎴戣€岃█锛岀悊璁烘瀯寤哄�浜庤�绠楄�瑙掔殑瑙勮寖鎬ф€濊€冿紝鍗冲厛浠庤�鑼冩€х殑瑙掑害鏉ユ€濊€冿紝涔嬪悗鍐嶅�鎵句笌涔嬬浉鍏崇殑澶ц剳涓�殑鏁版嵁锛屼粠璁＄畻寮€濮嬶紝鑷�笂鑰屼笅鍦版繁鍏ュ埌绁炵粡绉戝�鐨勭爺绌躲€傚彟涓€绉嶆柟娉曟槸鑷�笅鑰屼笂鐨勭爺绌讹紝杩欑�鏂规硶鏄�粠瀵圭壒瀹氳剳鍖虹殑鐮旂┒鍑哄彂锛岃瘯鍥句粠鐞嗚�涓婅秴瓒婅繖涓€涓�剳鍖猴紝鍥犺€屽�杩欎竴鍖哄煙涓庢墍鏈夊叾浠栫浉杩炲尯鍩熺殑浜掑姩瑙掑害鏉ヨ繘琛屾€濊€冦€傚湪姝や箣鍚庢槸瀵规洿澶ц寖鍥寸殑琛屼负鐨勮€冮噺銆�
鎴戝湪鐗归噷锛圱erry锛夌殑瀹為獙瀹ゅ仛鍗氬＋鍚庣殑鏃跺€欙紝 浣滀负鐞嗚�瀹惰�闂�簡璁稿�涓嶅悓鐨勫疄楠屽�銆傛垜璇㈤棶鐮旂┒V1鍖哄煙鐨勪汉锛屾棦鐒禫2涓嶸1鏄�浉閫氱殑锛屼负浠€涔堜笉鍚屾椂鐮旂┒V2鍖哄煙浠ュ強瀹冧滑涔嬮棿鐨勭浉浜掍綔鐢ㄥ憿锛熼偅涓�汉鍥炵瓟璇达紝浠栦細鍦ㄥ紕鏄庣櫧V1涔嬪悗鐮旂┒V2鍖哄煙銆�
鐒惰€岋紝濡傛灉澶ц剳鐨勫伐浣滄柟寮忎笉鑳借繘琛岃繕鍘燂紝濡傛灉V1鐨勭壒鎬т笌V2鍜屽叾浠栫粨鏋勫瘑鍒囩浉鍏筹紝浠栫殑鐮旂┒璺�緞娉ㄥ畾鏄�蛋涓嶉€氱殑銆傛垜璁や负锛屼綔涓虹�缁忕�瀛﹀�锛屾垜浠�墍闈�复鐨勬寫鎴樻槸锛屽ぇ鑴戞槸涓€涓�粡鐢辨暟鍗冨勾杩涘寲鑰屾垚鐨勫�鏉傛満鍣ㄣ€傚�鏋滀娇鐢ㄨ繕鍘熻� 锛屽氨寰堥毦鐞嗚В鏁翠釜澶ц剳鍙戠敓浜嗕粈涔堛€備篃璁告垜浠�病鏈夎兘鍔涗簡瑙ｆ暣涓�ぇ鑴戯紝浣嗘垜浠�繀椤昏�娉曢€夋嫨姝ｇ‘鐨勬娊璞″眰娆★紝骞跺笇鏈涜兘灏嗚繖浜涙娊璞″眰娆′粠琛屼负灞備竴鐩磋仈绯诲埌鍒嗗瓙灞傘€傝繖闇€瑕佺兢浣撶殑閫氬姏鍚堜綔銆傜壒鍒�槸鍦ㄨ繖涓�俊鎭�ぇ鐖嗙偢鐨勬椂浠ｏ紝杩涜�鏁翠綋鎬х殑鐮旂┒灏や负鍥伴毦锛屼絾鎴戜滑涓嶈兘澶卞幓甯屾湜銆傛垜浠�凡缁忓湪璺�笂浜嗭紝搴旇�瀵规�鎸佷箰瑙傛€佸害銆�
08 鍚庤�
棰勬祴缂栫爜鐞嗚�涓虹悊瑙ｅぇ鑴戠殑淇℃伅澶勭悊鏈哄埗鎻愪緵浜嗗己鏈夊姏鐨勬�鏋讹紝鍏跺湪绁炵粡绉戝�銆佷汉宸ユ櫤鑳戒笌鑴戞満鎺ュ彛绛夐�鍩熺殑搴旂敤鍓嶆櫙骞块様銆傞殢鐫€鎶€鏈�殑杩涙�涓庤法瀛︾�鍚堜綔鐨勬繁鍏ワ紝鎴戜滑鏈夋湜鍦ㄦ湭鏉ユ彮绀哄ぇ鑴戠殑鏇村�濂ョ�锛屽苟鎺ㄥ姩浜虹被鏅鸿兘涓庢妧鏈�殑杩涗竴姝ュ彂灞曘€�
鎷夋澃浠€鐨勭爺绌剁粡鍘嗗�浜庤�澶氱爺绌惰€呰€岃█涔熸槸涓€绉嶉紦鑸烇紝浠栫殑鐞嗚�浠庢彁鍑哄埌鑾峰緱澶ц寖鍥寸殑璁ゅ彲鍜岄獙璇佷箣闂撮棿闅斾簡10-20骞淬€傜劧鑰岋紝姝ｅ�浠栨縺鍔卞悗杈堟椂鎵€瑷€锛氣€滃潥鎸佷綘鐨勬兂娉曪紝涔熻�鏈€缁堝氨浼氬紑鑺辩粨鏋溾€濄€�
涓轰簡闃呰�浣撻獙锛屾湰鏂囧�鍚�ǹ杩涜�浜嗛€傚綋鍦扮紪杈戙€�
鍘熷�璇濇寚璺�細
https://www.thetransmitter.org/brain-inspired/rajesh-rao-reflects-on-predictive-brains-neural-interfaces-and-the-future-of-human-intelligence/